出土文献所见夏元时期黑水城对外交流研究
发布时间：2018-11-27 21:17
【摘要】：黑水城文书中有大量涉及夏元时期黑水城对外交流的内容。通过整理文书并结合传统史籍记载,可以将黑水城对外交流分为人员往来、物资流通和书籍传播三个方面。夏元时期黑水城的人员往来主要有官员的调动、商人的往来以及流民的游徙等。西夏时期黑水城守将请调,元代与其毗邻的甘州、沙州等地官吏调动,体现了中央政权对地方人事权力的控制;在黑水城经营贸易的商人除了来自漠北的回回外,还有中原地区的汉人,他们既有官商又有民商。这些商人进入黑水城,促进了黑水城经济的发展,丰富了当地人的社会生活;夏元时期大量的民户、站户、军户以及罪犯和僧侣等为躲避战争、自然灾害以及不堪封建剥削而流入亦集乃路。这些移民有的来自漠北和林和河西走廊的甘州,有的来自中原地区的真定、冀宁、宁夏等路,进入亦集乃路的流民在促进当地民族新格局形成的同时,也造成了当地社会秩序的混乱。夏元时期黑水城流通的物资有粮食、药材、香料和呈色剂等。黑水城囿于自然条件的限制,为经行大军筹措的军粮以及当地粮食的需求大部分是从宁夏地区、甘州和河东地区以攒运或和籴的方式运来。除了粮食外,黑水城还需从外地获得日常生活中所需的药材和香料等。黑水城出土了大量宋、辽、夏、金、元时期不同版本的刻本和抄本书籍,通过书籍中记载的内容可以发现,西夏时期的黑水城书籍以佛经为主,而元代除了佛教典籍外还有大量的政书、道家以及民间通俗读物等。这些书籍或是以官方名义,或是由私人携带,亦或通过书贾传播至亦集乃路。由此可见,夏元时期的黑水城作为丝绸之路上的中转站,沟通了中原、漠北草原和西域地区间的交通,联系了不同民族人员的往来,促进了各地经济和文化的交流,是一个多民族融合、多元文化共存之地。
[Abstract]:Blackwater City documents involved a large number of Xia Yuan period Blackwater City foreign exchange content. Through sorting out the documents and combining with the traditional historical records, the external exchange of Blackwater City can be divided into three aspects: the exchange of personnel, the circulation of materials and the dissemination of books. During the Xia and Yuan dynasties, there were mainly the transfer of officials, the exchange of merchants and the migration of displaced people. In the Xixia period, Heishui city guard was transferred, and the government officials of Gansu and Shazhou, which were adjacent to it in Yuan Dynasty, were transferred, which reflected the control of the central power over local personnel power. In addition to the Hui from Mobei, traders in Blackwater City also had Han people in the Central Plains, who had both official and private businessmen. These businessmen entered Blackwater City, promoted the economic development of Blackwater City, enriched the social life of the local people; In the Xia and Yuan dynasties, a large number of people, families, soldiers, criminals and monks, and so on, flowed into Nailu in order to avoid war, natural disasters and unbearable feudal exploitation. Some of these immigrants came from Ganzhou in the Mobei and Lin and Hexi Corridor, and some from Zhending, Ji Ning, Ningxia and other roads in the Central Plains, while promoting the formation of a new local national pattern. It also caused chaos in local social order. The materials circulating in Blackwater City during the Xia and Yuan dynasties were grain, medicinal materials, spices and coloring agents. Due to the limitation of natural conditions, most of the grain and local grain demand for the Jingping army were transported from Ningxia, Ganzhou and Hedong by the way of saving and buying money. In addition to food, Blackwater City also need to obtain daily life from the daily needs of medicinal herbs and spices. Blackwater City unearthed a large number of Song, Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan dynasties of different versions of the original books and transcripts, through the books recorded in the contents can be found that the Western Xia Dynasty Blackwater City books are mainly Buddhist scriptures. Besides Buddhist classics, there were a lot of political books, Taoism and folk popular books in Yuan Dynasty. The books are either in the official name, carried by private persons, or spread to Yicinalu through booksellers. Thus, it can be seen that as a transit station on the Silk Road during the Xia and Yuan dynasties, Blackwater City communicated the traffic between the Central Plains, the northern grasslands and the Western regions, linked the people of different nationalities, and promoted economic and cultural exchanges in various parts of the country. Is a multi-ethnic integration, multi-cultural coexistence.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K247
本文编号：2362060
[Abstract]:Blackwater City documents involved a large number of Xia Yuan period Blackwater City foreign exchange content. Through sorting out the documents and combining with the traditional historical records, the external exchange of Blackwater City can be divided into three aspects: the exchange of personnel, the circulation of materials and the dissemination of books. During the Xia and Yuan dynasties, there were mainly the transfer of officials, the exchange of merchants and the migration of displaced people. In the Xixia period, Heishui city guard was transferred, and the government officials of Gansu and Shazhou, which were adjacent to it in Yuan Dynasty, were transferred, which reflected the control of the central power over local personnel power. In addition to the Hui from Mobei, traders in Blackwater City also had Han people in the Central Plains, who had both official and private businessmen. These businessmen entered Blackwater City, promoted the economic development of Blackwater City, enriched the social life of the local people; In the Xia and Yuan dynasties, a large number of people, families, soldiers, criminals and monks, and so on, flowed into Nailu in order to avoid war, natural disasters and unbearable feudal exploitation. Some of these immigrants came from Ganzhou in the Mobei and Lin and Hexi Corridor, and some from Zhending, Ji Ning, Ningxia and other roads in the Central Plains, while promoting the formation of a new local national pattern. It also caused chaos in local social order. The materials circulating in Blackwater City during the Xia and Yuan dynasties were grain, medicinal materials, spices and coloring agents. Due to the limitation of natural conditions, most of the grain and local grain demand for the Jingping army were transported from Ningxia, Ganzhou and Hedong by the way of saving and buying money. In addition to food, Blackwater City also need to obtain daily life from the daily needs of medicinal herbs and spices. Blackwater City unearthed a large number of Song, Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan dynasties of different versions of the original books and transcripts, through the books recorded in the contents can be found that the Western Xia Dynasty Blackwater City books are mainly Buddhist scriptures. Besides Buddhist classics, there were a lot of political books, Taoism and folk popular books in Yuan Dynasty. The books are either in the official name, carried by private persons, or spread to Yicinalu through booksellers. Thus, it can be seen that as a transit station on the Silk Road during the Xia and Yuan dynasties, Blackwater City communicated the traffic between the Central Plains, the northern grasslands and the Western regions, linked the people of different nationalities, and promoted economic and cultural exchanges in various parts of the country. Is a multi-ethnic integration, multi-cultural coexistence.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K247
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