仲长统思想研究

发布时间：2018-12-30 13:35

【摘要】：作为汉末社会批判思潮的代表人物,仲长统思想表现出鲜明的儒道互补特质,且在其人生不同时段呈现明显的变化。本文对仲长统在天人观、政治观、忠孝观、人生观等方面所持有的主要思想理念进行了重点研讨,旨在揭示仲长统援道入儒、非儒入道又终不离儒家立场的思想特征与发展脉络。首先在天人观方面,本文通过仲长统对自然之“天”的辨识与因循自然规律的肯定,论证仲长统对于黄老道家的承袭。落实到天人关系上,剖析仲长统“人事为本,天道为末”的思想观点。并根据他强调“重人事”这一特点对其思想中历史发展与认识事物的深刻影响,展开论述历史观与认识论。在治政思想上,本文通过辨析仲长统治世理念中“有为”与“无为”的观点,明确他的政治思想中以儒家思想为主以道家政治原则为辅的特征。在此基础上,论述仲长统政治思想中德教与礼治以及中庸思想,以黄老道家的因时而变,刑名之法补益治国之道。针对东汉孝道思想对政治的渗透,阐述仲长统提出的带有双向性原则的忠孝思想。在人生观问题上,本文根据仲长统先隐—后仕—再隐的人生轨迹,论述儒家救世精神在他身上的体现,以及在仕与不仕的矛盾心态下择主而辅,最终在匡扶汉室无望的背景下出世逍遥的道家行为方式。
[Abstract]:As a representative figure of social critical thoughts in the late Han Dynasty, Zhong Changtong's thought showed distinct complementary characteristics of Confucianism and Taoism, and showed obvious changes in different periods of his life. This paper focuses on the main ideas held by Zhong Changtong in the aspects of heaven and man, politics, loyalty and filial piety, and outlook on life, in order to reveal Zhong Chang's support for Taoism. At the same time, the ideological characteristics and development thread of the Confucian position are not separated from the Confucianism and Taoism. First of all, in the view of Heaven and Man, this paper proves that Zhongchang inherited the Huang-Lao Taoist School through the identification of the "Heaven" of nature and the affirmation of the laws of nature. To carry out the relationship between heaven and man, analyze Zhong Changtong's idea that "personnel is the basis, Heaven is the end". According to the profound influence of his emphasis on "emphasizing personnel" on the historical development and understanding of things in his thoughts, this paper discusses the concept of history and epistemology. In the thought of political administration, this paper analyzes the viewpoint of "having done" and "doing nothing" in Zhongchang's idea of governing the world, and clarifies the characteristics of his political thought which is supplemented by the political principles of Taoism and Confucianism. On the basis of this, this paper discusses the moral education, the rule of etiquette and the thought of the mean in the political thought of Zhong Chang Tong, and uses the law of the Huang-Lao Taoism to change from time to time and the law of punishment to supplement the rule of the country. In view of the infiltration of filial piety thought to politics in the Eastern Han Dynasty, this paper expounds the dualistic principle of loyalty and filial piety put forward by Zhong Changtong. On the issue of outlook on life, this paper discusses the embodiment of Confucian spirit of saving the world in him, and the choice of master and assistant under the contradictory mentality of official and non-official, according to the life track of Zhong Changtong. Finally, under the hopeless background of Kuang Fu Han Dynasty, the Taoist behavior was born at ease.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B234.99

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