西汉前期军功集团与私营工商业的发展

发布时间：2019-07-03 09:49

【摘要】：西汉前期，私营工商业高度发展，为汉文帝免征十余年的田租提供了雄厚的经济基础，，而军功集团的存在又推动了私营工商业的发展。汉初，手握重权的军功集团为私营工商业的发展奠定了坚实的权力基础，还通过特权，广占土地资源，发展私营工商业，而私营工商业发展后所散发的诱惑力，又把嗜利的军功集团紧紧吸引住，私营工商业也就能在相对不利的工商政策中不断发展；等到文景时期，专制皇权在打击军功集团时，又调整工商政策，私营工商业发展的环境不断宽松，而随着军功集团势力的衰退，其内部成员又逐渐演变，有不少成员加入到工商队伍中来，成为工商豪强，进一步推动了私营工商业的发展，官僚、地主、商人三位一体的模式也在自下而上的构建着。与此同时，社会经济结构发生了剧烈变动：从产业结构上看，“用本守之”现象逐渐兴起；从区域经济结构来看，经济发展的区域特色逐渐丧失；从消费结构来看，按爵位等级享受消费权力的体系逐渐走向混乱，这些变动都为汉武帝时大规模的社会经济改革奠定了历史基础。
[Abstract]:In the early Western Han Dynasty, the private industry and commerce developed highly, which provided a strong economic foundation for Emperor Han Wen to waive the rent for more than ten years, and the existence of the military Gong Group promoted the development of private industry and commerce. In the early Han Dynasty, the powerful military functional groups laid a solid power foundation for the development of private industry and commerce, and also through privileges, widely occupied land resources and developed private industry and commerce. After the development of private industry and commerce, the temptation of private industrial and commercial groups was closely attracted, and the private industry and commerce could continue to develop in the relatively unfavorable industrial and commercial policies. Until the Wenjing period, when autocratic imperial power cracked down on military power groups, it adjusted its industrial and commercial policies, and the environment for the development of private industry and commerce continued to be looser. With the decline of the power of military functional groups, its internal members gradually evolved. Many members joined the industrial and commercial team and became powerful in industry and commerce, further promoting the development of private industry and commerce, bureaucracy, landlords, and businessmen. The trinity model is also being constructed from the bottom up. At the same time, the social and economic structure has undergone drastic changes: from the point of view of industrial structure, the phenomenon of "using it" is gradually rising; from the point of view of regional economic structure, the regional characteristics of economic development are gradually lost; from the point of view of consumption structure, the system of enjoying consumption power according to title level is gradually moving towards chaos, all of which laid a historical foundation for the large-scale social and economic reform of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K234.1

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