从金融危机的爆发论资本主义“替代”问题

发布时间：2018-02-15 15:03

本文关键词： 金融危机资本主义中心国家边缘国家替代　出处：《中国政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马克思主义史是一个“替代”理论的发展史,并且“替代”问题没有仅仅停留在理论的层面上,还出现了很多从根本上改造社会的实践活动。发达资本主义国家与边缘国家具有不同的国情,因此是否存在统一的实践方式,或者如果不存在同一路径它们将分别采取什么样的实践方式,都是值得继续探索的。20世纪80—90年代以来,反资本主义全球化浪潮汹涌澎湃。2008年金融危机爆发后,受影响的社会阶层将不断扩大,这有利于鼓励、聚集、形成广泛的社会力量并提出许多社会替代方案。要实现社会主义对资本主义的替代需要实现三个因素：被排斥阶级革命意识的觉醒,社会主义目标的明确以及理论的正确性。纵观各种“替代”实践,暴力革命与体制改革相结合是资本主义中心国家与边缘国家的“替代”实践普遍运用的路径。无产阶级革命的暴力方式是建立社会主义的重要方式和手段。在国际共产主义运动史上能不能采取和平方式建立社会主义,是一个争论已久的重大问题。马克思和恩格斯认为革命的和平发展是有条件的。实现对资本主义的替代也需要社会主义因素在资本主义内部的扩展。但是在发达资本主义国家能否通过体制改革进入社会主义阶段,还是进入资本主义的另外一个阶段有待观察。此次金融危机的爆发能否酝酿出边缘国家的第三次觉醒也还是个未知数。因此,要讨论究竟是通过暴力革命的方式还是体制改革的方式实现社会主义制度对资本主义制度的替代既不科学也不现实。暴力革命与体制改革可以相互促进,因为两者具有相同的方向性。
[Abstract]:The history of Marxism is the history of the development of the theory of "substitution", and the problem of "substitution" does not stop at the theoretical level. There have also been a lot of practical activities to fundamentally transform society. Developed capitalist countries and marginal countries have different national conditions, so whether there is a unified mode of practice, Or if there is no same path, what kind of practice will they take, which is worth exploring. Since the 1980s and 1990s, the wave of anti-capitalist globalization has been surging. After the financial crisis broke out in 2008, The affected social classes will continue to expand, which is conducive to encouraging, gathering, forming a broad social force and proposing many social alternatives. In order to realize the substitution of socialism to capitalism, three factors need to be realized: the awakening of the revolutionary consciousness of excluded class, the clarity of socialist goal and the correctness of theory. The combination of violent revolution and system reform is the path of "substitution" of capitalist countries and marginal countries. The violent way of proletarian revolution is an important way and means to build socialism. Can we build socialism by peaceful means in the history of the international communist movement? Marx and Engels believe that the peaceful development of revolution is conditional. The replacement of capitalism also requires the expansion of socialist factors within capitalism. Whether capitalist countries can enter the socialist stage through structural reform, It remains to be seen whether the outbreak of the financial crisis will produce a third awakening of marginal countries. Therefore, it is neither scientific nor realistic to discuss whether the socialist system should be replaced by the capitalist system by means of violent revolution or institutional reform. Violent revolution and institutional reform can promote each other. Because both have the same directionality.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D033.3;D091.6

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