西方交易民主反思:民主异化与当代危机

发布时间：2018-04-13 08:30

本文选题：交易民主 + 选举民主　；参考：《社会科学研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：当代西方交易民主的深刻危机主要体现在四个维度上:一是民主的运行前提因为经济社会的高度不平等而遭到严重破坏。二是民主的实现形式受到代议制和票决制民主的极大限制,其中代议制民主通过剔除直接民主和协商民主而限制了民主的实践形式,而简单票决制限制了多种选任机制的丰富组合模式。三是民主的人民自治本质被金钱民主和权贵政治所异化。经济社会不平等(两极分化)与票决选举(精英赋权)相互叠加的政治结果是将民主政治异化为权贵政治,这种异化本质上是通过经济主宰与政治交易完成的。四是民主的治理质量因政体失灵和政府低效而受到深度侵蚀,其中政府低效是指民选政府在治理能力、运行效率和治理效果等方面表现欠佳。西方交易民主的深刻危机集中体现为民主异化,其异化逻辑就是:从人民做主简化为代议制民主;从代议制民主被化约为选举民主,进而异化为票决民主;从选举民主和票决民主最终异化为金钱民主。金钱民主的本质就是权贵阶级控制下的交易民主。
[Abstract]:The deep crisis of contemporary western trade democracy is mainly reflected in four dimensions: first, the premise of democracy is seriously destroyed because of the high inequality of economy and society.Second, the realization of democracy is greatly restricted by representative and voting democracy, in which representative democracy restricts the practical form of democracy by excluding direct democracy and consultative democracy.The simple voting system limits the rich combination model of various selection mechanisms.Third, the essence of democratic people's autonomy is alienated by money democracy and power politics.The superposition of economic and social inequality (polarization) and voting (elite empowerment) results in the alienation of democratic politics into power politics, which is essentially accomplished through economic domination and political transaction.Fourth, the quality of democratic governance is deeply eroded by the failure of the government and the inefficiency of the government, which refers to the poor performance of the elected government in the aspects of governance ability, operational efficiency and governance effect.The deep crisis of western trade democracy is mainly embodied in the alienation of democracy, the dissimilation logic of which is: from the people to the representative democracy, from the representative democracy to the electoral democracy, and then to the vote-determined democracy.From electoral democracy and voting democracy to monetary democracy.The essence of monetary democracy is trading democracy under the control of the powerful class.
【作者单位】：武汉大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“欧债危机的政治学分析”(12CZZ009)
【分类号】：D082

【参考文献】