罗尔斯“基本自由及其优先性”理论探析

发布时间：2018-04-20 04:30

本文选题：自由 + 公平　；参考：《湖北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：罗尔斯的政治自由主义是当代政治哲学的优秀成果。民主的正常运转要求在背景制度上提供相应的自由；但是,多数人的暴政同样也会殃及自由。人们对自由的定义各不相同,一个多元民主的社会应如何来建构自己的自由模式,罗尔斯承袭并发展了洛克、密尔与柏林的自由思想,他从政治自由入手,探讨了正义两原则与自由优先性问题,确立了一个基本自由的图式,为维护政治自由的公平价值奠定了良好的理论基础并进行了卓有成效的探讨。在罗尔斯看来,在人所能获得的诸多种自由中,最应该得到满足的是人的基本自由,而人的基本自由的核心是政治言论自由。捍卫基本公民自由的神圣性是罗尔斯政治自由观的基本目标。罗尔斯认为不能仅仅把大家对政治生活的热情与对民主自治的参与度视为一个具备自律理念的公民最优越的善。只有设计出合理的政治言论规则,才能实现政治自由的公平价值目的。在公平正义的社会体制下,基本自由的变更及调整必须以其自身发挥的意义为根据,之所以调整,是受到了基本自由图式具体化的指导。在政治言论自由实现的情况下,社会的公平与正义才能得到体现,社会生活和经济活动才能得到有序的保证。
[Abstract]:Rawls' political liberalism is the outstanding achievement of contemporary political philosophy. The proper functioning of democracy requires the provision of corresponding freedoms in the context; but the tyranny of the majority also affects freedom. People have different definitions of freedom. How should a pluralistic democratic society construct its own model of freedom? Rawls inherited and developed the free ideas of Locke, Mill and Berlin. He began with political freedom. This paper probes into the two principles of justice and the priority of freedom, establishes a schema of fundamental freedom, lays a good theoretical foundation for safeguarding the fair value of political freedom and makes a fruitful discussion. According to Rawls, among the many kinds of freedoms that man can obtain, the most deserving is the basic freedom of human being, the core of which is the freedom of political speech. Safeguarding the sanctity of basic civil liberties is the basic goal of Rawls' view of political freedom. Rawls argues that people's enthusiasm for political life and their participation in democratic autonomy should not be regarded as the superior good of a self-disciplined citizen. Only by designing reasonable rules of political speech can we realize the goal of fair value of political freedom. Under the social system of fairness and justice, the change and adjustment of fundamental freedom must be based on its own significance. The adjustment is guided by the concretization of the basic freedom schema. Only when the freedom of political expression is realized, can social justice and social life and economic activities be guaranteed in an orderly manner.
【学位授予单位】：湖北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D081

【共引文献】