民主政治制度必然性的社会原因探析

发布时间：2018-04-25 18:49

本文选题：市民社会 + 农业社会　；参考：《苏州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：政治生活中产生充分建立民主政治制度的必然趋势和要求,是因为政治对市民社会的工具和代理者的根本性质、为市民社会制定和输出规则的作用;又因为市民社会的具体形态的不断发展进化,即以从农业社会进化到工业社会为代表的历程之下的社会分工、社会结构高度精细化、复杂化；和随之而来的市民社会对规则的需求的刚性、客观性和所需求规则的难度、繁杂度的更为明显和深化的现实表现。社会规则的繁杂程度,对作为规则制定平台的政治的功能需求是不同的,不同的政治功能需求导至了政治自身的运行规则和制度的各不相同的形态。农业时代的市民社会松散而有机性和社会性弱小、分工简单,所需求的规则简单而固定,对政治的功能要求很低,很低的功能要求导致政治与市民社会之间的客观的关联需求较低,政治有条件以很大程度脱离社市民会,其主观上的专制异化倾向得到了实现的客观条件。所以,农业社会是专制政治制度的社会原因。工业时代的市民社会有机性和社会性强,分工精细复杂,所需求的运行规则繁杂而变动性强,要求作为规则制定和供给平台的政治与市民社会高度亲和、一体、契合、联动,专制异化倾向失去了得以实现的客观条件,专制制度无以实质性存续,而民主政治制度就能满足上述要求,所以工业社会是民主政治制度的社会原因。
[Abstract]:The inevitable trend and requirement of fully establishing democratic political system in political life is due to the fundamental nature of politics to the tools and agents of civil society and the function of making and outputting rules for civil society. Because of the continuous development and evolution of the concrete form of the civil society, that is, the social division of labor represented by the evolution from the agricultural society to the industrial society, the social structure is highly refined and complicated; The rigidity, objectivity, difficulty and complexity of civil society's demand for rules are more obvious and deepening. The complexity of social rules, as a platform for the political function of the rulemaking demand is different, different political functional needs to the political own operating rules and different forms of the system. In the age of agriculture, the civil society was loose, organic and weak, the division of labor was simple, the rules needed were simple and fixed, and the function of politics was very low. The very low functional requirements lead to a low demand for the objective connection between politics and civil society, political conditions to a large extent out of the community of citizens, its subjective tendency of despotic alienation has been realized under the objective conditions. Therefore, the agricultural society is the social reason of autocratic political system. In the industrial age, the civil society is organic and social, the division of labor is complicated, the operational rules required are complicated and changeable, and the politics, which is the platform for making and supplying the rules, is highly compatible with the civil society. The tendency of autocratic alienation has lost the objective conditions which can be realized, the autocratic system does not exist in substance, and the democratic political system can satisfy the above requirements, so the industrial society is the social reason of the democratic political system.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D033

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