整体性政府理论探析

发布时间：2018-04-27 08:54

本文选题：整体性政府 + 竞争　；参考：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着行政体制改革的深入,新一轮政府机构改革于2008年启动,并在中央和地方迅速推进。在大部门制的行政改革实践不断展开的同时,人们开始从理论上关注大部门体制,讨论它的内涵、框架和机制。“协同政府”、“整体性政府”、“整体性治理”、“网络化治理”等一些西方行政改革实践和理论中出现的新概念被引入,并在最近两年成为学术界普遍关注的焦点。现有的研究对这些概念、理论的介绍总体上是分散的,有人提出整体性政府将成为公共行政的新范式,也有人质疑如此分散的概念,究竟能不能成为一种新的理论仍需观察讨论,还有人在问“它究竟是什么?”。本研究在现有文献的基础上,通过建立竞争-合作的分析框架,提供认识和分析整体性政府理论的基本思路。研究认为从竞争与合作在行政范式变迁中所处的价值定位、基本假设、实现形式来看,传统官僚制在理论上推崇机械式的合作,而以等级控制和规则管制来实现其不同政府之间、政府内部部门之间以及人员之间的合作,这是作为“唯一最佳方式”而存在的；新公共管理则是以竞争为核心理念的,它认同竞争必然带来高效率,因此新公共管理建立起了公共部门内部的竞争市场、公共部门与私人部门间的竞争以及充分利用私人部门之间的竞争来实现提高政府行政效率的目标；整体性政府则是对新公共管理过度强调竞争导致部门分散和政府碎裂化的回应,它主张有序合理的竞争,并强调各种形式的整合与协调,主张跨部门协同的工作机制。单纯从竞争-合作分析框架来看,整体性政府理论的提出具有范式革新的价值。现实需求和理论内容上,整体性政府理论也有着区别于传统行政范式特征。整体性政府理论指向分散和竞争在解决“棘手问题”上的无能为力；在内容上,整体性政府理论在组织社会学研究的基础上得到创新和发展,无论在组织类型的界定,组织间关系的研究还是协调与整合机制的创新上都有自己的体系,并最终体现为以整体价值为最基本的价值追求、以整合式组织实现对传统分工的超越、鼓励和主张跨部门协同的新方式。在实践价值上,从整体性政府理念的角度来看,当前的大部门体制改革实践主要以结构合并与边界划定的形式开展,面临着职能“整合”与“分化”的冲突,仅仅依靠内部化的方式和路径来解决问题,组织间的协调也具有高复杂性和高成本的特征。因此,大部门体制改革在内容和方式上都需要继续完善。“一龙治水”和“九龙治水”在复杂公共问题面前都存在无效的风险,无论边界如何划分,跨部门协调与整合不可或缺。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of administrative system, a new round of reform of government institutions was launched in 2008, and rapidly promoted in the central and local governments. At the same time, people begin to pay attention to the system of large department theoretically, and discuss its connotation, frame and mechanism. Some new concepts such as "cooperative government", "holistic government", "holistic governance", "network governance" and so on have been introduced into the practice and theory of western administrative reform, and have become the focus of academic circles in the last two years. The existing research on these concepts, the introduction of theory is generally scattered, some people propose that holistic government will become a new paradigm of public administration, others question the concept of such dispersion. Whether it can become a new theory remains to be seen and discussed, and some people are asking, "what exactly is it?" Based on the existing literature, this study provides the basic ideas for understanding and analyzing the holistic government theory through the establishment of a competition-cooperation analysis framework. From the perspective of the value orientation, basic hypothesis and realization form of competition and cooperation in the change of administrative paradigm, the traditional bureaucracy advocates mechanistic cooperation in theory. And hierarchical and regulatory controls are used to achieve cooperation between different governments, between government departments, and among people, as the "only best way"; new public management is based on competition. It agreed that competition must lead to high efficiency, so the new public administration created a competitive market within the public sector. (B) Competition between the public and private sectors and the full use of competition between the private sector in order to achieve the objective of improving the efficiency of government administration; The holistic government is a response to the excessive emphasis on competition in the new public management, which leads to decentralization of departments and fragmentation of government. It advocates orderly and reasonable competition, emphasizes various forms of integration and coordination, and advocates the working mechanism of inter-departmental coordination. From the view of the framework of competition-cooperation analysis, the theory of holistic government has the value of paradigm innovation. In terms of realistic demand and theoretical content, the holistic government theory is different from the traditional administrative paradigm. The holistic government theory points to the fragmentation and the powerlessness of competition in solving the "thorny problems". In content, the holistic government theory is innovated and developed on the basis of the research of sociology of organization, regardless of the definition of organization type. The research of inter-organization relationship and the innovation of coordination and integration mechanism have their own system, and the ultimate embodiment is that the whole value is the most basic value pursuit, and the integration organization can transcend the traditional division of labor. Encourage and advocate new ways of interdepartmental collaboration. In terms of practical value, from the perspective of the concept of holistic government, the current practice of institutional reform in large departments is mainly carried out in the form of structural consolidation and border demarcation, and it is faced with the conflict of "integration" and "differentiation" of functions. The coordination among organizations is characterized by high complexity and high cost only depending on the way and path of internalization to solve the problem. Therefore, the reform of the large-sector system needs to continue to improve both in content and way. "one dragon and one river" and "Kowloon water control" have the risk of invalidation in the face of complex public problems. No matter how the boundary is divided, inter-departmental coordination and integration are indispensable.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D035

【引证文献】