和谐社会视阈下的契约政治研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 19:20

本文选题：契约 + 契约政治　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目前,我国的改革开放已经进入关键时期,政治体制的改革、利益关系的调整,使人们所面临的政治权利的丧失和侵害等社会风险日益增多；权力的腐败与泛滥,政治体制改革进展缓慢以及政治制度的各种不和谐性因素的激化,已成为不可忽视的社会政治问题。在此种背景下,急需相关的政治机制来发挥有效的调节和规范作用。契约政治正是这样一项社会政治制度,它通过契约来规范和约束国家和公民的政治行为,用契约理念来规范和：提高公民的政治行为和政治意识,用政治领域的契约之治来规范国家和政府的公共行为,来维持社会政治的和谐与稳定,使缔约各方都能自觉行使权利和履行义务,最终实现政治生活契约化和契约政治制度化,为构建社会主义和谐社会提供有效的政治保证。然而,由于我国的契约政治尚处于萌芽状态,契约精神发育不充分,相应的配套制度仍不健全,基本功能定位模糊,导致契约政治还不能有效承担起上述社会重任。针对契约政治的建设,国内学者大都从培育契约精神这一单视角出发,围绕契约精神的发育和培养,提出建设契约政治的种种建议。然而,契约政治作为一项具有哲学、政治学和法学等复合特性的社会政治制度,真正需要的是从哲学、政治学和法学等多重视角出发为其自身建设与运行提供可行性的理论依据。本文便是从哲学、政治学以及法学等多重视角出发,采用学科交叉分析的方法,运用哲学、政治学、法学并辅以社会学的相关知识,以探讨契约政治建设及其运行的路径选择为主,就如何建设和完善契约政治这一问题问题进行探讨。笔者从契约政治的历史沿革入手,分析东西方契约政治的发展脉络,进而揭示和分析契约政治繁荣与衰落的深层次原因及其社会政治影响。通过分析契约宪政的社会功效探索契约政治发展的宝贵经验,尤其是近代西方契约政治所造就的民主、法制精神和自由、平等观念。围绕社会主义和谐社会的契约政治建设的现状、原则、条件、机制、内容和完善全方位、多层次地深入研究契约政治与和谐社会的关系,构建一整套适合中国特色社会主义的崭新的契约政治发展理念。用契约来论证国家的产生虽然已成历史,甚至在某些特定时期(如西欧中世纪)契约思想还被披上了神学外衣,成为宗教统治世俗社会的理论根源,但这种特定意义上的消失和特定环境下的扭曲并不能否定契约理论的历史功绩。我们应当对社会主义和谐社会的契约政治建设充满信心和希望,从理念、制度和意识形态等各个层面不断地推动契约政治建设与和谐社会构建。
[Abstract]:At present, China's reform and opening up has entered a critical period, the political system reform, the adjustment of interest relations, people are faced with the loss of political rights and violations of social risks are increasing, power corruption and flooding, The slow progress of political system reform and the intensification of various disharmonious factors in political system have become social and political problems that can not be ignored. In this context, relevant political mechanisms are urgently needed to play an effective regulatory and normative role. Contractual politics is just such a social and political system, which regulates and restricts the political behavior of the state and citizens through the contract, standardizes and enhances citizens' political behavior and consciousness with the concept of contract. The governance of contract in the political field is used to regulate the public behavior of the state and the government, to maintain the social and political harmony and stability, to enable all parties to the contracting parties to exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations consciously, and finally to realize the political life contract and the institutionalization of contract politics. To build a socialist harmonious society to provide an effective political guarantee. However, because the contract politics in our country is still in its infancy, the contract spirit is not fully developed, the corresponding supporting system is still not perfect and the basic function is vague, the contract politics has not been able to undertake the social responsibility mentioned above effectively. In view of the construction of contract politics, most of the domestic scholars put forward various suggestions on the construction of contract politics from the single angle of view of cultivating the spirit of contract and focusing on the development and cultivation of the spirit of contract. However, as a social and political system with the complex characteristics of philosophy, politics and law, what is really needed in contract politics is philosophy. Political science and law provide the theoretical basis for its own construction and operation. This article is from the philosophy, political science and law and other multi-perspectives, using the method of interdisciplinary analysis, using philosophy, political science, law, and supplemented by the relevant knowledge of sociology. This paper mainly discusses the construction of contract politics and the choice of its operation path, and discusses how to build and perfect contract politics. Starting with the historical evolution of contract politics, the author analyzes the development of contract politics in East and West, and then reveals and analyzes the deep reasons for the prosperity and decline of contract politics and its social and political influence. By analyzing the social effect of contract constitutionalism, this paper explores the valuable experience of the development of contract politics, especially the democracy, the spirit of legal system and the concept of freedom and equality created by modern western contract politics. The present situation, principles, conditions, mechanisms, contents and perfection of the construction of contract politics in a harmonious socialist society are studied in depth and at various levels. Construct a whole set of new contract political development idea suitable for socialism with Chinese characteristics. Although it has become a history to demonstrate the emergence of a country by contract, even in certain periods (such as the Middle Ages of Western Europe) the idea of contract was put on a theological cloak, which became the theoretical root of religious domination of secular society. However, the disappearance of the contract theory and the distortion in the specific environment do not negate the historical achievements of the contract theory. We should be full of confidence and hope in the construction of contract politics in socialist harmonious society, and constantly promote the construction of contract politics and harmonious society from various aspects, such as idea, system and ideology.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D09

【参考文献】