陆贾及其《新语》所见政治思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 09:08

本文选题：陆贾 + 《新语》　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：陆贾是汉代对先秦儒学进行改造的代表性人物之一。一方面他是儒家文化的重要继承者,另一方面他也是汉代杰出的政治思想家。陆贾作为汉初杰出的政治人物，，不仅为汉代国家治理做出了重要贡献，也为汉代儒学的复兴做了众多的基奠。他的思想主要见于现存的《新语》一书。陆贾一生经历了不同的历史时期，在社会大转折的背景下，其思想也融合了儒家“仁义为本”及黄老道家“无为而治”的政治观念。陆贾认为秦代对儒学的压制和对儒家“仁义”思想的排斥，以及国家深入地对社会进行控制造成了秦的灭亡。《新语》一书作为陆贾向汉初统治者提供的治国宝典与历史兴亡的教训总结，它包含了陆贾对中国政治统治和社会治理的思考。陆贾通过其一生丰富的政治活动积极地对战国以来儒家思想进行修正，以建立适应汉初政治与社会发展需要的“新儒学体系”。随着陆贾等汉初思想家的努力，儒家思想逐步为统治阶层所接受并得到推广。最终至董仲舒时，儒学成为了官方认可的意识形态。本文主要通过系统分析陆贾所处的时代、所经历的政治事件以及《新语》一书所包含的政治思想，最终对陆贾在中国政治思想史所占据的地位和历史作用进行了重新评价。本文由五部分构成：一是绪论；二是陆贾及《新语》的时代背景；三是“仁义为本”治道思想；四是陆贾“无为而治”治世思想；五是陆贾及其《新语》历史地位及作用。
[Abstract]:Lu Jia is one of the representative figures who reformed Confucianism in pre-Qin Dynasty. On the one hand, he is an important successor of Confucian culture, on the other hand, he is also an outstanding political thinker in Han Dynasty. Lu Jia, as an outstanding political figure in the early Han Dynasty, not only made important contributions to the governance of the country in the Han Dynasty, but also made a lot of foundation for the revival of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty. His thoughts are mainly found in the extant New language. Lu Jia experienced different historical periods in his life. Under the background of social transition, Lu Jia's thoughts also combined the political ideas of Confucian "benevolence and righteousness" and Huang Lao Taoism "governing without doing anything". Lu Jia believes that the suppression of Confucianism in Qin Dynasty, the rejection of Confucian "benevolence and righteousness", and the state's deep control over society caused Qin's demise. As a summary of Lu Jia's experience in governing the country and the rise and fall of history, Lu Jia's thoughts on Chinese political rule and social governance are included in the book. Lu Jia actively revised Confucianism since the warring States period through his rich political activities in order to establish a "neo-Confucianism system" to meet the needs of political and social development in the early Han Dynasty. With the efforts of Lu Jia and other early Han thinkers, Confucianism was gradually accepted and popularized by the ruling class. Finally, by Dong Zhongshu, Confucianism became an officially accepted ideology. Based on the systematic analysis of the political events and the political thoughts contained in Lu Jia's history of political thought, this paper reevaluates the position and historical role of Lu Jia in the history of Chinese political thought. This article is composed of five parts: first, introduction; second, the background of Lu Jia and Xin Yu; third, the thought of "benevolence and righteousness as the basis"; fourth, Lu Jia's thought of "governing the world by doing nothing"; and (5) the historical status and function of Lu Jia and his New words.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D092

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