例外状态与自然正当——论施特劳斯与施密特的一次交锋

发布时间：2018-07-07 12:48

本文选题：例外状态 + 自然正当　；参考：《学术月刊》2014年02期

【摘要】：自卡尔·施密特慷慨激昂的辩护之后,对"例外状态"的探讨日益成为政治哲学与法学的热点问题。,晚近以来,声誉日隆的吉奥乔·阿甘本甚至忧心忡忡地表示,"例外状态"已经是现代政治的常态。~([1])然而,例外状态作为一桩事实,并不新鲜,古今中外的政治生活都不能避免。,将例外状态当作一个严肃的政治哲学或法学问题来对待,不过是20世纪以来才逐渐形成的"时髦"。假如"例外状态"果真如施密特、阿甘本等人所主张的那么不容忽视,何以前现代的政治哲人几乎予理会?要彻底搞清楚今人围绕"例外状态"的种种主张,离不开一个"古今之争"的视野,施特劳斯的政治哲学因此尤其值得注意。从古典自然正当学说的角度来看,"例外状态"并不值得如此大惊小怪,施密特等人的激烈反应只是因为他们依然没有摆脱现代政治哲学的狭隘视野。现代政治哲学从马基雅维里开始就是一种特别关注例外状态的政治哲学,施密特的论说不过是这一现代精神的继承和延续。
[Abstract]:Since Carl Schmidt's impassioned defense, the discussion of "exception" has increasingly become a hot issue in political philosophy and jurisprudence. The burgeoning Giojo Arganben even expressed concern that "exceptions" were the norm in modern politics. However, exceptions, as a fact, were not new. The political life in ancient and modern times can not be avoided. The exception is treated as a serious political philosophy or legal problem, but it is only gradually formed since the 20th century "fashionable". If the "exceptional state" is as advocated by Schmidt, Aghambon and others, how could modern political philosophers have almost paid attention to it? In order to get a thorough understanding of all kinds of ideas about "exceptional state", there is a "dispute between ancient and modern times", so Strauss' political philosophy is especially noteworthy. From the point of view of classical theory of natural justice, "exceptional state" is not worth making such a fuss. Schmidt and other people's fierce reaction is only because they still do not get rid of the narrow view of modern political philosophy. From Machiavelli, modern political philosophy is a kind of political philosophy which pays special attention to the exceptional state, Schmitt's argument is only the inheritance and continuation of this modern spirit.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学政治理论部;
【分类号】：D0

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