马克思对黑格尔政治哲学的批判和超越——基于“市民社会”与“政治国家”的分离

发布时间：2018-07-31 18:36

【摘要】：市民社会与政治国家的分离是黑格尔、马克思政治哲学的共同前提。黑格尔剖析两者分离的多种根源(特殊、一般精神的分离是最根本源头),披露现代社会中呈现的伦理危机,倡导政治国家(精神)决定市民社会,并建构"等级制"化解这些分离和危机。马克思主张特殊、普遍利益之间的矛盾是市民社会和政治国家分离的源头,因而他批判、颠倒了黑格尔的"政治国家决定市民社会"命题,而后揭露黑格尔"等级制"引发"虚幻共同体",阐明现代社会伦理危机背后的人的全面异化和物化,最后他构筑"自由人的联合体"根除市民社会和政治国家的分裂,同时达成对黑格尔政治哲学的超越。
[Abstract]:The separation of civil society and political state is the common premise of Marx's political philosophy. Hegel analyzes the various causes of the separation of the two (special, the separation of the general spirit is the most fundamental source), reveals the ethical crisis in the modern society, advocates the political state (spirit) to decide the civil society. And the construction of "hierarchy" to resolve these separations and crises. Marx holds that the contradiction between special and universal interests is the source of the separation between civil society and political state, so he criticizes and reverses Hegel's proposition that "political state determines civil society". Then it was revealed that Hegel's "hierarchy" led to the "illusory community", which clarified the overall alienation and materialization of people behind the ethical crisis of modern society. Finally, he constructed the "association of free people" to eradicate the division of civil society and political state. At the same time, he reached the transcendence of Hegel's political philosophy.
【作者单位】：西安财经学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“马克思社会正义思想研究”(13BZX008) 中国博士后科学基金第55批面上资助项目“马克思和科恩正义思想比较研究”(2014M552410);中国博士后科学基金第8批特别资助项目“马克思的社会正义思想及其当代价值研究”(2015T81004) 陕西省社科联项目“习近平社会正义观研究”(2016Z002)
【分类号】：D0

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