国家与祖国:涂尔干论政治社会的两个面向
发布时间：2018-08-02 10:27
【摘要】：1905年国家与教会分离法案确定了国家的世俗性质,保障个人的良知自由。不过,法案也内含潜在的危机:良知自由与世俗国家之间的紧张。一方面,共和体制为良知自由转化为个人政治权利提供了合法途径,进而挑战国家权威。另一方面,个人与共和国之间的感情越来越疏远。涂尔干判断,危机根植于法国的政治传统,特别是"1789年原则"。不同于契约论和教权主义,涂尔干提出国家与祖国是政治社会的两个面向,个人主义和爱国主义是对应的两种伦理,符合有机团结与机械团结的特征。人格崇拜是国家和个人所共享的,国家是社会的大脑,拥有相对的独立性和权威性。祖国是现存的最大的实体,爱国主义是集体意识,人们不能为了理念上的无形的祖国,而与同胞为敌。
[Abstract]:The secession of the State and Church Act of 1905 established the secular nature of the State and guaranteed the individual's freedom of conscience. But the bill also contains a potential crisis: freedom of conscience and the tension between secular states. On the one hand, the Republican system provides a legal way for the freedom of conscience to be transformed into individual political rights, and then challenges the authority of the state. On the other hand, the feelings between the individual and the republic are increasingly alienated. Durkheim decided that the crisis was rooted in French political tradition, especially the 1789 principles. Different from the contract theory and the religious right doctrine, Durkheim proposed that the state and the motherland are the two faces of the political society, and the individualism and patriotism are the corresponding ethics, which accord with the characteristics of organic unity and mechanical solidarity. Personality worship is shared by state and individual. State is the brain of society and has relative independence and authority. The motherland is the largest existing entity, patriotism is the collective consciousness, people can not for the idea of invisible motherland, and compatriots as enemies.
【作者单位】： 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院社会工作系;
【分类号】：D091
本文编号：2159133
[Abstract]:The secession of the State and Church Act of 1905 established the secular nature of the State and guaranteed the individual's freedom of conscience. But the bill also contains a potential crisis: freedom of conscience and the tension between secular states. On the one hand, the Republican system provides a legal way for the freedom of conscience to be transformed into individual political rights, and then challenges the authority of the state. On the other hand, the feelings between the individual and the republic are increasingly alienated. Durkheim decided that the crisis was rooted in French political tradition, especially the 1789 principles. Different from the contract theory and the religious right doctrine, Durkheim proposed that the state and the motherland are the two faces of the political society, and the individualism and patriotism are the corresponding ethics, which accord with the characteristics of organic unity and mechanical solidarity. Personality worship is shared by state and individual. State is the brain of society and has relative independence and authority. The motherland is the largest existing entity, patriotism is the collective consciousness, people can not for the idea of invisible motherland, and compatriots as enemies.
【作者单位】： 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院社会工作系;
【分类号】：D091
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