经典言论自由理论的分型及其意蕴——立足密尔与霍姆斯立场的比较解读

发布时间：2018-08-30 13:08

【摘要】：在言论自由理论脉络中,密尔与霍姆斯的论述举足轻重。表面上,两者在内容、功能等方面具有诸多类似性,以致学界往往错误地将两者的理论主张加以等置。通过本文的解读,在言论自由理论上,两者事实上存在四个面向的差异:针对理性对个人信念中的角色担当,前者认为理性在其中发挥了关键性作用,后者则保持怀疑主义态度;在追求真理中的功能上,前者信守真理的恒在性,通过言论的交涉必然获致真理;后者则认为真理是多数人的偏好性抉择,具有流动性;在社会发展的主体动力上,前者主张是个性化个体起到了基础性作用,而后者则着眼于群体及其形成的多数者或主导性力量;在自由基点上,前者强调个体的个性自由,后者则突出利益群体的型塑及抉择能力。透过两种理论,返回至民主与自由关系命题上,密尔追求的是一种"民主意义下的自由",而霍姆斯则是探求一种"自由基础上的民主"。
[Abstract]:In the theory of freedom of speech, Mill and Holmes are very important. On the surface, there are so many similarities in content and function between them that the academic circle often wrongly equates their theories. Through the interpretation of this paper, in the theory of freedom of speech, there are in fact four facets of the difference between the two: in view of the role played by reason in personal beliefs, the former thinks that reason plays a key role in it. In pursuit of truth, the former adheres to the persistence of truth and obtains truth through the negotiation of speech, while the latter holds that truth is the preferred choice of the majority and has mobility. In the main motive force of social development, the former advocates that the individualized individual plays a basic role, while the latter focuses on the group and the majority or leading force formed by it, while on the point of free radical, the former emphasizes the individual's personality freedom, The latter highlights the shape of interest groups and the ability to choose. Through two theories, returning to the proposition of the relationship between democracy and freedom, Mill pursues a kind of "freedom in the sense of democracy", while Holmes seeks a kind of "democracy on the basis of freedom".
【作者单位】：宁波大学法学院;
【基金】：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“网络言论表达及其限度”(12JCGL01Z) 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“自媒体时代网络言论表达及其治理研究”(13YJC20083) 浙江省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地“法学” 宁波大学人文社会科学研究后期资助项目(XH1X1202)
【分类号】：D091

【相似文献】