中国古代基层社会权威体系及其博弈

发布时间：2019-03-22 09:15

【摘要】：中国古代社会在专制的大背景之下,基层社会还存在着一种特殊的治理模式,即通过国家公权力与民间权威的博弈来实现社会秩序的维系。总体来讲,中国传统社会中存在两种力量,一种自然是代表国家的官府,另一种即是民间力量,习惯上把他们称为乡土精英。国家力量对基层社会的直接控制在历代以及一代的不同时期,其范围与程度都是不断变化的,但国家公权通过对民间权威的"借用"却是始终存在的。这种间接统治的中介力量就是民间权威,其中主要是士绅和宗族。民间力量在为国家力量所用的同时,也获得权力,在家国同构的大背景下,其所引领和推行的民间规则得到了国家的承认,成为基层社会治理链条中的重要一环。
[Abstract]:Under the background of autocracy in ancient Chinese society, there is still a special governance mode in grass-roots society, that is, the maintenance of social order through the game between state public power and folk authority. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of forces in the traditional Chinese society, one is the government which represents the country, the other is the folk power, which is used to call them the local elite. The direct control of the state power over the grass-roots society has been constantly changing in all dynasties and in different periods of the generation, but the state public power has always existed through the "borrowing" of the folk authority. The intermediary force of this indirect rule is folk authority, mainly gentry and clan. At the same time, the folk power is used for the national power, at the same time, it also obtains the power. Under the background of the isomorphism of home and country, the folk rules it leads and promotes have been recognized by the state and become an important link in the chain of social governance at the grass-roots level.
【作者单位】：天津社会科学院法学研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(11BFX021)
【分类号】：D092

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