社会主义的机会平等观:福利主义在西方的现代发展

发布时间：2019-05-15 18:53

【摘要】：不同于罗尔斯、德沃金和森等人提出的反福利主义的平等主义主张,阿内逊和柯亨重新将福利作为平等化的合法目标,并在德沃金的运气观的基础上进一步探究了影响偏好的非可控因素,从而推动了福利主义的复兴和发展。通过用福利代替资源、用机遇平等代替直接平等,阿内逊指出,人们应该对其自愿选择的可预见后果负有责任,进而提出了福利机遇平等观。通过用可及性代替机遇、用优势代替福利,柯亨试图纠正因能力和生活观念的不同而带来的不平等,进而发展出了可及优势平等观。同时,针对诺齐克基于自我所有权原则而提出的资格理论,柯亨提出了与其相对应的共同所有权原则,从而进一步为福利平等观奠定了基础。阿内逊和柯亨的平等观体现了社会主义平等观在西方社会的新发展,可以称之为"社会主义的机会平等"。
[Abstract]:Unlike Rawls, Dworkin and Sen, and others put forward the anti-welfare egalitarianism, Aneson and Cohen regained welfare as the legitimate goal of equality. On the basis of Dworkin's view of transportation, the uncontrollable factors that affect preference are further explored, which promotes the revival and development of welfarism. By replacing resources with welfare and equality of opportunity instead of direct equality, Aneson pointed out that people should be responsible for the foreseeable consequences of their voluntary choices, and then put forward the concept of equality of welfare opportunities. By using accessibility instead of opportunity and advantage instead of welfare, Ke Heng tries to correct the inequality caused by the difference of ability and life concept, and then develops the concept of equality of accessible advantage. At the same time, in view of Nozick's qualification theory based on the principle of self-ownership, Ke Heng put forward the corresponding principle of common ownership, which further laid the foundation for the concept of welfare equality. Aneson and Ke Heng's view of equality embodies the new development of socialist concept of equality in western society, which can be called "equal opportunity of socialism".
【作者单位】：中山大学岭南学院;
【基金】：广东省创新团队项目“社会主义市场经济理论基础与政策体系”(2016WCXTD001)的研究成果
【分类号】：D08

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