先秦至两晋旧君故吏之伦发展的学术与政治逻辑——以丧服学为视角的探索

发布时间：2018-05-01 06:15

  本文选题：《仪礼·丧服》 + 为旧君服制度　； 参考：《宁夏社会科学》2017年05期

【摘要】：《仪礼·丧服》所记"为旧君服"制度意在斩断旧君故吏关系与政治的联结。旧君故吏之伦在周代尚不具备"合礼性"。春秋以后,随着新的君臣观的出现,以私人恩义相维系的旧君故吏关系得到了认同,"为旧君服"的古礼也因之遭致误读。在此背景下,子思、孟子等先秦原始儒家更是在对该古礼的重释中植入君臣以礼义相交的道德内涵,从而使其变为彰显旧君故吏之伦的经典制度。降及汉魏,受选官制度及法律的影响,旧君故吏关系出现泛化并得到强化,官僚阶层普遍重视为旧君服丧,曹魏甚至出台了为旧君重服三年之制。但是这种因私人恩义而结成的人伦关系的过度发展,也威胁到了政治的安全。有鉴于此,晋代统治者通过对"为旧君服"制度的再度重释,因时制范,实现对旧君故吏之伦的制度控制。旧君故吏之伦的历史变迁显示出经典诠释与政治情势对中国古代社会人伦关系发展的强大影响。
[Abstract]:The system of "the old monarch's uniform" is intended to break the connection between the relations between the old monarch and the officials. In the Zhou Dynasty, the old monarch and the officials did not possess the "propriety". After the Spring and Autumn period, with the emergence of a new concept of monarch and minister, the relationship between the old monarch and the late officials, which was maintained by private benevolence and righteousness, was recognized, and the ancient ritual of "for the old monarch's uniform" was misread as a result. In this context, Zi Si, Mencius and other pre-Qin primitive Confucianists have implanted the moral connotation of the courtiers to intersect with each other in the reinterpretation of the ancient ceremony, thus making it a classic system of showing the old monarch and the officials. Under the influence of the system of selecting officials and the law, the relationship between the old monarch and the late official appeared to be generalized and strengthened. The bureaucrats generally attached importance to mourning for the old monarch, and even introduced the system of reserving the old monarch for three years. But the over-development of this personal-friendly relationship also threatens political security. In view of this, the rulers of the Jin Dynasty reinterpreted the system of "for the old monarch", and realized the system control of the old monarch and the old officials because of the time system. The historical changes of the old monarch and the officials show the strong influence of the classical interpretation and political situation on the development of the relationship between human relations in ancient Chinese society.
【作者单位】： 湖南涉外经济学院文法学院;湖南大学岳麓书院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国礼学文献整理与研究”(项目编号:13&ZD058) 湖南省社会科学基金重点项目“史部礼学文献整理与研究”(项目编号:14ZDB26)
【分类号】：K892.9
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本文编号：1828088