理性选择理论与宗教学研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 13:25

本文选题：理性选择理论　切入点：宗教市场理论　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：理性选择理论发端于古典经济学,20世纪70年代开始拓展到宗教学研究领域,形成了以罗达尼·斯达克为代表的宗教市场理论,又称为"宗教经济学"(Economics of Religion)。宗教市场理论以理性选择理论为基础,对世界各地的宗教现象进行经济分析,颠覆了许多传统的宗教学观点,对当代的宗教社会学产生了非常大的影响。随着传统世俗化理论的全面溃败,宗教市场理论迅速成为当前宗教社会学界最受瞩目的理论,被沃纳誉为宗教研究的"新范式"。本文首先对宗教市场理论的微观基础——理性选择理论(Rational Choice Theory)进行考察,充分展现其在经济学、政治学和社会学等社会科学领域所引发的学科变化和推进。其次我们分别从微观、中观和宏观三个层面介绍宗教市场理论的基本内容,梳理相关理论的发展演化过程,包括斯达克等人的匮乏—补偿理论、教会—教派理论和宏观的宗教经济理论。本文接着处理宗教市场理论所面临的主要批评:理性选择理论本身的可靠性问题以及宗教市场理论在研究非西方宗教的普适性问题。在这一过程中,工具理性与价值理性、巫术与宗教、宗教排他性、中国宗教的性质等一些理论问题和现实问题将会被讨论。通过对这些问题的分析和考察,本文将尝试为宗教市场理论进行辩护。最后,本文从世俗化命题和社会学方法论两个议题出发,探讨理性选择理论对于传统社会学观点的颠覆及其对于宗教学研究所带来的启示。我们主要考察世俗化理论与宗教市场理论在理论层面的交锋,以及传统社会学方法论与宗教经济学研究进路的冲突。宗教市场理论对于整个旧范式带来巨大冲击,大大改变了人们对于宗教的看法,也极大地拓展了宗教学科的研究视野;我们考察相关议题以期获得宗教学研究的经验和启发。
[Abstract]:The theory of rational choice originated in classical economics and began to expand into the field of religious studies in the 1970s, forming the religious market theory represented by Rodani Stark, also known as "Religion Economics".Based on the theory of rational choice, the theory of religious market makes an economic analysis of religious phenomena in various parts of the world, which subverts many traditional religious views and has a great influence on contemporary religious sociology.With the downfall of the traditional secularization theory, the religious market theory has quickly become the most attractive theory in the field of religious sociology, and has been praised by Warner as the "new paradigm" of religious research.In this paper, the microcosmic basis of the theory of religious market, rational Choice theory, is first investigated, and the changes and advances in the fields of social sciences such as economics, political science and sociology are fully demonstrated.Secondly, we introduce the basic contents of religious market theory from micro, meso and macro levels, and sort out the development and evolution of relevant theories, including Stark's theory of scarcity and compensation.Church-sectarian theory and macro-religious economic theory.This paper then deals with the main criticisms faced by the religious market theory: the reliability of the rational choice theory itself and the universality of non-Western religions in the religious market theory.In this process, some theoretical and practical problems, such as instrumental rationality and value rationality, witchcraft and religion, religious exclusiveness and the nature of Chinese religion, will be discussed.Through the analysis and investigation of these problems, this paper will try to defend the theory of religious market.Finally, from the perspective of secularization and sociological methodology, this paper explores the subversion of rational choice theory to traditional sociological views and its implications for religious studies.We mainly investigate the theoretical confrontation between secularization theory and religious market theory, as well as the conflict between traditional sociological methodology and religious economics research approach.The theory of religious market has a great impact on the whole old paradigm, which has greatly changed people's views on religion, and greatly expanded the research field of religious subjects. We investigate the relevant issues in order to obtain the experience and inspiration of religious studies.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B920

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