论基督教与欧洲认同

发布时间：2018-05-17 02:34

本文选题：欧洲认同 + 基督教　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：基督教进入欧洲，并与欧洲文明发展结成紧密的关系奠定了基督教在欧洲人思想中的统治地位。这个历史过程的深远意义在于基督教对欧洲认同所产生的深远影响。首先，欧洲的整体性是深受基督教整体性影响的结果，它主要体现在思想文化的认同上，这也是欧洲认同的核心所在。基督教不仅缔造了欧洲精神世界的大一统，而且在现实生活中创造了欧洲文化的共性、生活习惯的共性、行为道德的共性和欧洲大一统的观念。事实上，，在文艺复兴以前，基督教不仅仅在意识形态和文化领域里占统治地位，它其实就是这两者本身，即使是在今日，欧洲的伦理道德和行为规范也都是依据基督教教条发展形成的。其次，欧洲认同不仅体现在意识形态的趋同性上，还体现在政治结构的趋同性上，而基督教在构建欧洲封建秩序体系中发挥了至关重要的作用。西罗马帝国灭亡后，欧洲开启了蛮族化的历史进程，世俗政治极不发达的蛮族需要依靠组织严密的基督教会和有能力的教士帮助其统治。这样一来，在基督教和蛮族结盟的过程中，教堂和教会成了准行政机构，教士成了高级官吏，欧洲社会也走上了宗教性的轨道。基督教征服欧洲之后，罗马教廷就不再关心欧洲世俗权力的统一了，实际上，一个四分五裂的世俗政治格局更符合罗马教廷精神上维持基督教大一统的利益。出于自身利益的考虑，基督教支持封建结构固化，为后来的欧洲走上小国寡民的政治格局开辟了道路，奠定了法理、伦理和政治上的基础。这种小国寡民的政治结构形式也是欧洲认同的重要组成部分。最后，基督教在与异教的斗争中，强化了欧洲人的认同感。在基督教与异教激烈的斗争中，宗教信仰认同不仅成为了区分敌我的标准，还发展成为欧洲人最高层次的文明认同，这种认同感甚至超越了欧洲人内部基于现实利益的冲突和矛盾。
[Abstract]:Christianity entered Europe and formed a close relationship with the development of European civilization, which laid the dominant position of Christianity in European thought. The profound significance of this historical process lies in the profound influence of Christianity on European identity. First of all, the integrity of Europe is the result of Christian integrity, which is mainly reflected in the ideological and cultural identity, which is the core of European identity. Christianity not only creates the unity of European spiritual world, but also creates the commonness of European culture, living habits, behavior morality and the concept of European unification in real life. In fact, before the Renaissance, Christianity was not only dominant in ideology and culture, it was actually the two themselves, even today. European ethics and codes of conduct are also developed on the basis of Christian dogma. Secondly, European identity is not only reflected in the ideological convergence, but also in the political structure. Christianity plays a vital role in the construction of European feudal order system. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Europe began the historical process of barbizonization. The undeveloped barbarians in secular politics needed to rely on a well-organized Christian church and capable priests to help them rule. In this way, during the alliance between Christianity and barbarians, churches and churches became quasi-administrative bodies, clergymen became senior officials, and European society went on a religious track. After the Christian conquest of Europe, the Holy see ceased to care about the unification of secular power in Europe. In fact, a fragmented secular political pattern was more in accord with the Holy see's interest in maintaining Christian unity in spirit. For the sake of self-interest, Christianity supported the solidification of feudal structure, which opened the way for Europe to go to the political structure of oligopoly in small countries, and laid the legal, ethical and political foundation. This form of political structure of small states and oligopolies is also an important part of European identity. Finally, Christianity strengthened the European identity in its struggle with pagan religion. In the fierce struggle between Christianity and pagan religion, religious identity not only became the criterion of distinguishing between the enemy and ourselves, but also developed into the highest level of European civilization identity. This sense of identity even transcends conflicts and contradictions within Europeans based on realistic interests.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K5;B978

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