论先秦时期的巫术与教育

发布时间：2018-09-08 07:45

【摘要】： 本文通过探讨先秦时期巫术与教育的关系,追寻教育发展的源头,分析了巫术对教育发展的推动作用。站在教育发展的角度,把巫术看作一种与教育紧密相关的文化现象来重新加以审视,揭去笼罩在巫术身上的神秘面纱,还巫术以本来面目。巫、觋是最早脱离物质生产领域的一批知识分子和脑力劳动者,从它产生的那一刻开始,直到文明社会的夏商时期,一直处于社会的主导地位,对当时文明的发展起到了举足轻重的作用。西周时期礼制的确立,巫的地位开始下降。进入到春秋战国时期,思想文化领域的一系列变化,巫逐渐由主导地位退居边缘,但仍然对当时社会生活的各方面产生着影响,尤其对后来百家争鸣的诸子学派的产生也有深远的影响。原始社会时期的教育主要是结合当时的生产和生活过程进行,教育的内容和形式都极其简单。随着生产力的发展,文字出现了。文字的出现,催生了学校的产生。夏、商、西周时期“学在官府”,实行“政教合一”的教育制度,教育尚未完全独立。到了春秋战国时期,生产力极大提高,引发了政治结构的大动荡,礼崩乐坏,学术下移。诸子纷纷大办私学,形成了百家争鸣的局面。私学的创立,冲破了“政教合一”的枷锁,完成了教育的独立化过程。
[Abstract]:This paper probes into the relationship between witchcraft and education in the pre-Qin period, searches for the source of the development of education, and analyzes the role of witchcraft in promoting the development of education. From the perspective of educational development, the author reexamines witchcraft as a cultural phenomenon closely related to education, removes the veil of mystery that shrouds in witchcraft, and presents witchcraft as it is. The wizard was the first group of intellectuals and mental workers who left the field of material production. From the moment it came into being, until the Xia and Shang dynasties of civilized society, they were always in the dominant position of the society. It played an important role in the development of civilization at that time. With the establishment of ritual system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the status of witches began to decline. In the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, a series of changes in the field of ideology and culture gradually retired from the dominant position to the edge, but still had an impact on all aspects of social life at that time. Especially for the later generation of schools of thought also had a profound impact. Education in primitive society was mainly carried out in combination with the production and life process at that time, and the content and form of education were extremely simple. With the development of productive forces, the text appeared. The emergence of the text, the birth of the school. Xia, Shang, Western Zhou Dynasty "learning in the government", the implementation of "the integration of government and religion" education system, education is not completely independent. During the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, productivity was greatly improved, which led to the great turbulence of political structure, failure of etiquette and music, and academic decline. The various schools of thought run private schools one after another, forming the situation of a hundred schools of thought contending. The establishment of private school broke through the shackles of "the unity of politics and religion" and completed the independent process of education.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：B992

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