质量三等级产品计数抽样理论与方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 15:06

本文选题：质量多等级 + 统计质量控制　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：食品安全检验、苹果出口等级检验与评定、我国生产线上产品质量控制、供应链中产品质量控制与检验、海关和商检局等对质量多等级抽样在应用方面有许多需求,国际和国家抽样标准也亟须完善的理论与方法的支撑,制定相应标准的出台。多等级抽样方案对合格批和不合格批的更强鉴别能力,给质量控制带来了更加经济的检验,为质量控制和持续改进的实施者提供了有利的工具。因此,本论文分别对质量三等级产品计数一次和二次抽样在理论和方法上进行了研究。首先,在经典的二等级计数抽样基础上,针对现有的三等级产品计数一次抽样方案类型较单一、无法覆盖实际的更多需求的问题,提出了六个三等级产品计数一次抽样方案,给出这些抽样方案的抽样特性函数,并提出一个重要的概念“当量不合格品数”,使所有三等级产品计数一次抽样方案可以简化为统一的抽样方案。同时,建立了抽样方案的几何表示方法,并用图示的方法研究对比了新旧抽样方案,基于此给出了挑选三等级产品一次抽样方案的一般性影响因素及如何挑选抽样方案的建议。其次,建立了质量三等级产品计数一次抽样方案的设计准则,给出了适用于一般抽样方案的设计方法。在抽样方案的基础上,总结了三等级产品计数一次抽样方案OC函数的性质,将OC曲面分解成多条曲线,提出了借助1 2p?p平面上的一些重要的点来设计抽样方案的思想,建立了三等级产品计数一次抽样方案的设计准则。同时,给出了一种设计三等级产品一次抽样方案的一般方法,建立了优化的模型,并基于数值算例的结果,对提出的设计方法进行了进一步的补充和说明。再次,以经典计数二次抽样的理论与方法为基础,研究了三等级产品计数二次抽样。提出三等级产品计数二次抽样方案,给出检验过程,并计算批接收概率,推导OC函数,并根据该函数给出了三维OC曲面及等高线。推导了第二次抽样是截尾的和非截尾的平均样本量公式,给出了三维ASN曲面及极值点,并分析了抽样方案的参数对ASN曲面的具体影响。最后,给出了三等级计数二次抽样方案的设计方法和模型算法,依此比较了三等级计数一次抽样方案和二次抽样方案,得到了二次抽样方案具有更经济的优势的结论。基于数值示例的结果,进一步验证上述理论的正确性和可用性。最后,以临海巨丰机械有限公司的轮毂产品为例,应用本文提出的质量三等级产品计数抽样的理论与方法,结合产品特点,对其出厂产品检验分别进行计数一次抽样方案的选择与设计及计数二次抽样方案的选择与设计,综合考虑,选择适合临海巨丰机械有限公司的抽样方案,这为如何应用三等级产品计数抽样理论与方法起到示范作用。
[Abstract]:Food safety inspection, apple export grade inspection and evaluation, product quality control on Chinese production line, product quality control and inspection in supply chain, customs and commodity inspection bureau and so on, have many demands in the application of quality multi-grade sampling.International and national sampling standards also need to be supported by perfect theories and methods.The multi-grade sampling scheme has a stronger ability to identify qualified and unqualified batches, brings more economical inspection to quality control, and provides a favorable tool for the implementers of quality control and continuous improvement.Therefore, this paper studies the theory and method of three-grade product counting in theory and method.First of all, on the basis of classical two-level counting sampling, aiming at the problem that the existing three-grade product counting one-time sampling scheme is relatively simple and unable to cover the actual more demand, six three-grade product counting one-time sampling schemes are proposed.The sampling characteristic function of these sampling schemes is given, and an important concept of "equivalent number of unqualified products" is put forward.At the same time, the geometric representation method of the sampling scheme is established, and the new and old sampling schemes are studied and compared with the graphic method. Based on this, the general influencing factors and the suggestions on how to select the sampling scheme are given.Secondly, the design criterion of the sampling scheme is established, and the design method suitable for the general sampling scheme is given.On the basis of sampling scheme, this paper summarizes the properties of OC function of three-grade product counting sampling scheme, decomposes OC surface into many curves, and puts forward the idea of designing sampling scheme with the help of some important points on 1 2p?p plane.The design criteria of three-grade product count-one-time sampling scheme are established.At the same time, a general method of designing a sampling scheme for three-grade products is given, and an optimized model is established. Based on the results of numerical examples, the proposed design method is further supplemented and explained.Thirdly, based on the theory and method of classical counting quadratic sampling, this paper studies the three grade product counting quadratic sampling.In this paper, a three-grade product counting quadratic sampling scheme is proposed, the inspection process is given, the batch acceptance probability is calculated, the OC function is derived, and the 3D OC surface and contour are given according to the function.The formulas of mean sample size for the second sampling are derived, and the 3D ASN surfaces and extreme points are given, and the influence of the parameters of the sampling scheme on the ASN surfaces is analyzed.Finally, the design method and the model algorithm of the three-level counting quadratic sampling scheme are given, and the comparison between the three-grade counting one sampling scheme and the second sampling scheme is given, and the conclusion that the quadratic sampling scheme has more economical advantages is obtained.Based on the results of numerical examples, the correctness and availability of the above theory are further verified.Finally, taking the hub products of Linhai Jufeng Machinery Co., Ltd as an example, applying the theory and method of counting and sampling the three-grade quality products proposed in this paper, combined with the characteristics of the products,The selection and design of the sampling scheme and the selection and design of the second sampling plan are carried out respectively for the inspection of its ex-factory products, and the sampling scheme suitable for Linhai Jufeng Machinery Co., Ltd is selected according to the comprehensive consideration.This is how to apply the three-class product count sampling theory and method to play a role in demonstration.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.2

【共引文献】