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服务型制造信息系统的演化机理与动态特性分析

发布时间:2018-04-20 13:24

  本文选题:服务型制造 + 复杂系统 ; 参考:《华南理工大学》2016年博士论文


【摘要】:服务型制造是全球制造业发展的趋势,也是我国未来若干年内制造业转型升级、国民经济向第三产业倾斜的重要发展路径和战略选择。信息系统作为支撑新制造模式运作管理的重要工具,其对环境的动态适应性和对不确定性因素的鲁棒性等动态特性是服务型制造模式顺利推广的重要保证和前提条件,是当前制造业战略转型过程中亟需解决的重要科学问题之一。业界通常采用如应用系统采购、功能系统开发、IT技术创新、信息基础设施建设等IT资源投入举措来实现信息化水平与环境的匹配,然而由于过于关注静态需求情形下的阶段性绩效,使得长期的投入产出效应并不明显。既有的理论研究也多从软件工程视角关注局部的静态结构设计、制造服务过程中的协同、信息共享等系统功能实现的问题,忽略了战略转型背景下环境要素的重要性和动态变化性。因此,对信息系统的研究视角需要我们从“存在”的角度转变为“演化”的角度。静态思维的局部研究难以把握信息系统的整体和其应用过程中的动态发展趋势,机械论的刚性、微观还原论的单向层次分析也很难去解释复杂信息系统演化过程中所涌现出来的复杂特性,因此对信息系统的研究需要新的理论和范式。而近年来复杂性科学方法的兴起为我们的研究提供了新的有效思路。基于信息系统是复杂系统的事实,将复杂性科学理论、生态学理论、演化理论等研究领域思想的精髓融入服务型制造信息系统的相关研究中,这不仅丰富了信息系统研究的理论方法和视角,还拓展了复杂性科学方法在管理领域的应用范围。基于动态演化视角,本文从微观和宏观两个层次对服务型制造信息系统的演化机理以及演化过程中业界关注的自组织性、演化稳定性、鲁棒性等动态特性进行深入的探讨,主要的工作和创新点如下:(1)服务型制造企业信息系统(SMEIS)的框架体系及运行机制研究。已有研究多关注于技术层面下的协同、局部功能实现、软件框架设计等问题,管理视角下的研究略显薄弱;基于此,需首先对SMEIS进行基础的理论构建。结合服务型制造模式的运营需求,剖析了SMEIS新的功能和性能需求。依据服务型制造模式的业务活动性质,对系统进行划分,分析了子系统之间的逻辑交互关系,并构建了系统的抽象层次结构。通过对典型SMEIS实体运作流程的分析,从功能视角基于多Agent构建了一个可裁剪的、普适性的SMEIS功能结构模型。最后围绕SMEIS实现良性演化的主要运行机制进行了理论上的探讨。框架体系的研究是后续SMEIS演化逻辑框架构建的基础,而运行机制的研究则为自组织演化机理研究提供了微观层面的认知和理解。(2)基于理想度的SMEIS演化机理研究。区别于以往仅以质量、成本为序参量的研究局限性以及多采用定性方法解释复杂系统演化过程中涌现的复杂特性,引用并剖析了理想度作为序参量的普适性,通过对信息系统演化的关键动力因素和系统演化逻辑框架的分析,构建了以理想度为序参量的自组织演化动力学模型,定量地探讨了信息系统演化的方向和速率、系统演化进入混沌区域的条件以及随机涨落力对系统演化进程的影响。研究结论验证了SMEIS符合典型复杂系统演化的突变和渐变过程以及随机涨落对新序的消极破坏作用,同时发现系统的演化方向存在恶性和良性两个混沌区域。(3)IT资源投入对SMEIS演化稳定性的影响分析。区别于以往对IT资源投入与运营绩效实证研究的重点关注以及企业资源投入的经验决策范式,聚焦于契合服务型制造模式的关键状态变量选择,探讨IT资源投入与系统演化稳定性的关系机制,为实际决策提供了定量的参考依据。具体剖析了IT资源投入与关键状态变量的关系机制,借助隐喻手法和Logistic方程构建了以IT资源投入为控制变量,响应能力、盈利能力和结构复杂度为状态变量的演化模型,引用李雅普洛夫间接法和绝热近似法分别分析了IT资源投入对SMEIS演化稳定性的影响以及状态变量的演化过程,确立了系统实现良性演化的IT资源投入的阈值条件。(4)服务型制造网络信息系统(SMNIS)的宏观结构演化机制和鲁棒性。主要包括:1)剖析了SMNIS与SMN宏观结构演化的关系,论证了二者演化机制的一致性。SMN结构演化机制的探讨首先基于对SMN内涵与结构体系的认知;接着围绕SMN阶段性演化的结构特征,分析了影响网络结构演化的关键要素,从微观视角的生产要素与服务要素的比重变化探讨了网络的演化路径。最后基于对节点度变化率的推导以及数例仿真,解释和验证了SMN结构演化的无标度性和群聚现象,其演化机制相比一般的无标度网络更具一般性和普适性。2)区别于已有文献对微观层面合作不确定性探讨的单一性,从信息系统功能和性能实现、合作管理机制两个视角深入剖析了SMNIS的合作不确性表现。通过更契合SMNIS特性的鲁棒性度量指标的构建,基于复杂网络理论和实例仿真探讨了合作不确定性对SMNIS的鲁棒性影响。上述研究及其成果不仅是复杂性科学方法在管理领域信息系统研究中的创新性应用,同时也丰富和完善了服务型制造信息系统的研究体系;为实际企业管理决策者完善信息化架构、有效定位信息系统建设水平、IT资源投资决策,规划服务网络等提供有价值的科学参考框架。
[Abstract]:Service manufacturing is the trend of the development of global manufacturing industry. It is also an important development path and strategic choice of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in the next few years and the inclination of the national economy to the third industry. As an important tool to support the operation and management of the new manufacturing model, the information system has the dynamic adaptability to the environment and the uncertainty of the uncertainty factors. Dynamic characteristics, such as stick nature, are important guarantee and prerequisite for the smooth promotion of service based manufacturing mode. It is one of the important scientific problems to be solved in the process of strategic transformation of manufacturing industry. The industry usually adopts IT resource input measures, such as application system procurement, functional system development, IT technology innovation, information infrastructure construction and so on. The level of information is matched with the environment. However, due to the excessive attention to the stage performance in the static demand situation, the long-term input-output effect is not obvious. Some theoretical studies also focus on the static structure design of the local structure from the perspective of software engineering, the cooperation in the process of manufacturing service, and the realization of information sharing and so on. We ignore the importance and dynamic changes of environmental factors in the context of strategic transformation. Therefore, the perspective of the research on information systems needs to be transformed from the perspective of "existence" to "evolution". The local research of static thinking is difficult to grasp the dynamic development trend of the whole information system and its application process, the rigidity of the mechanical theory. It is difficult to explain the complex characteristics that emerge in the evolution process of complex information systems. Therefore, the study of information systems needs new theories and paradigms. In recent years, the rise of complex scientific methods has provided new and effective ideas for our research. Information systems based on the complex system are complex systems. In fact, the essence of the theory of complex science, ecology and evolution is integrated into the related research of the service manufacturing information system. This not only enriches the theoretical methods and perspectives of the information system research, but also expands the application scope of the complex scientific method in the management field. Based on the dynamic evolution perspective, this paper is based on the theory of dynamic evolution. The evolution mechanism of service based manufacturing information system and the dynamic characteristics such as self-organization, evolution stability and robustness are discussed from the two levels of microcosmic and macro level. The main work and innovation are as follows: (1) the framework and operation mechanism of the service manufacturing enterprise information system (SMEIS) Research has paid more attention to the cooperation in the technical level, the realization of local function, the design of software framework and so on. The research under the management perspective is slightly weak. Based on this, it is necessary to build the basic theory of SMEIS first. The new functions and performance requirements of SMEIS are analyzed in combination with the operation requirements of the service type manufacturing mode. Based on the service manufacturing process, the service based manufacturing needs to be analyzed. The business activity of the model is divided, the logical interaction between the subsystems is analyzed, and the abstract hierarchical structure of the system is constructed. Through the analysis of the typical SMEIS entity operation process, a tailor and universal SMEIS functional structure model is built on the basis of multi Agent from the functional perspective. Finally, the SMEIS is real. The main operating mechanism of the present benign evolution is discussed theoretically. The study of the framework system is the basis for the construction of the subsequent SMEIS evolution logic framework, and the study of the operational mechanism provides a micro level of cognition and understanding for the study of the self-organizing evolution mechanism. (2) the study of the SMEIS evolution mechanism based on the ideal degree is different from the past only with the quality. Quantity and cost are the limitations of the study of order parameters and the complex characteristics which are emerging in the evolution process of complex systems by qualitative methods. The universality of the ideal degree as an order parameter is quoted and analyzed. By the analysis of the key dynamic factors of the evolution of the information system and the logic frame of the system evolution, the ideal degree as the order parameter is constructed. The direction and rate of the evolution of information system, the condition of the evolution of the system into the chaotic region and the influence of the random rise and fall force on the evolution process of the system are discussed quantitatively by the self-organized evolutionary dynamics model. The conclusion is made that the SMEIS is in conformity with the mutation and gradual process of the typical complex system evolution and the negative destruction of the random fluctuation to the new order. At the same time, it is found that there are two chaotic and benign regions in the evolution direction of the system. (3) the analysis of the influence of IT resource input on the evolution stability of SMEIS. It is different from the previous emphasis on the empirical research on IT resource input and operation performance and the empirical decision-making paradigm of enterprise resource input, focusing on the closing of the service type manufacturing model. The key state variable selection is used to discuss the relationship mechanism of IT resource input and system evolution stability. It provides a quantitative reference for actual decision. The relationship mechanism between IT resource input and key state variables is analyzed. By means of metaphorical manipulation and Logistic equation, the control variables, response ability, profitability, and profitability are constructed with IT resource input. The structure complexity is the evolution model of the state variable. The effect of IT resource input on the evolution stability of SMEIS and the evolution process of state variables are analyzed by Lyapunov indirect method and adiabatic approximation method, and the threshold bar of IT resource input for the system is established. (4) service based manufacturing network information system (SMNIS) The macro structural evolution mechanism and robustness are mainly included: 1) 1) the relationship between the macro structure evolution of SMN and the evolution mechanism of the macro structure is analyzed. The consistency of the.SMN structure evolution mechanism of the two party evolution mechanism is discussed first based on the cognition of the connotation of the structure and the structure system, and then the structure characteristics of the SMN evolution are analyzed, and the influence of the network structure is analyzed. The evolution path of the network is discussed from the change of the specific proportion of production factors and service elements in the micro perspective. Finally, based on the deduction of the rate of change of the node degree and the simulation of several cases, the scale free and clustering phenomenon of the SMN structure evolution is explained and verified, and its evolutionary mechanism is more general than the ordinary scale-free network. The universality.2) is different from the single nature of the research on the cooperation uncertainty of the micro level. From the two perspectives of the function and performance of the information system and the cooperative management mechanism, the cooperation inaccuracy of SMNIS is deeply analyzed. Through the construction of the robust measurement index which is more consistent with the SMNIS characteristics, it is based on the complex network theory and the example simulation. The effect of the uncertainty of cooperation on the robustness of SMNIS is discussed. The above research and its achievements are not only an innovative application of the complex scientific method in the research of the information system in the management field, but also enrich and improve the research system of the service based manufacturing information system, and improve the information architecture for the actual enterprise management decision makers and the effective positioning letter. Information system construction level, IT resources investment decision, planning service network provide a valuable scientific reference framework.

【学位授予单位】:华南理工大学
【学位级别】:博士
【学位授予年份】:2016
【分类号】:F424.3


本文编号:1777954

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