我国指导性案例的司法适用研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 02:12

本文关键词：我国指导性案例的司法适用研究　出处：《烟台大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：指导性案例制度的相关研究一直为学术界广为关注,学者集中对指导性案例的规范效力;个案性指导性案例的缺陷;指导性案例司法适用等相关问题进行研究和探讨。随着制度日益成熟学者对其亦尤为看重,期望指导性案例在中国司法实践中发挥应有之效。不过现行指导性案例本身却不如人意,在很多方面存在漏洞,比如:判断案件是否相似需要确定案件的比较点;法官对案例不适感很强;案例文本剪辑力求简约却同原始文本发生矛盾;待决案件同现行指导性案例融洽对接太难;部门法意义上指导性案例尤其是已颁行刑事指导性案例与学者期待相去甚远;刑事案例指导制度具有使规范明确化、统一法律适用等功能。但有的案例在重申公共议题,有的案例与司法解释重复。而强力推进刑事案例指导制度可能与罪刑法定相抵触;商事指导性案例与实际生活脱节严重;指导性案例适用逻辑混乱;指导性案例作为断案依据不足。针对上述问题,笔者结合司法实务具体案件并采取兼评兼议之策略,力图让相关论证富有层次感和逻辑性。在指导性案例的司法适用上,笔者首先对国内外指导性案例相关理论进行概括论证;再对制度的司法价值作出评析;在上述理论基础上分门别类对我国现行指导性案例按照部门法类别进行比较分析;案件的比较点或相关的类似性事项可以延展。类比保证规则和类比保证理由可以帮助、规范类似性判断,并在一定程度上防止类似性判断的专断和失误。从类比保证理由的角度改进未来裁判理由的撰写,可以使裁判理由与裁判要点的联系更加紧密,有利于指导性案例的使用和案例指导制度的发展。最高人民法院不应是唯一的垄断力量,建立详尽的案例指导制度配套措施,增设“大法官会议”制度,承认地方法院经常参酌案例的指导性地位,肯定基层法官、专家学者、律师对于刑事案例指导建设的独特贡献。文章重点落脚到制度缺陷解决与完善上,主要从制度规范效力、适用逻辑、文本剪辑以及审级制度等多角度提出创新建议,希望对现行制度改革有所裨益。
[Abstract]:The related research of the guiding case system has been widely concerned by the academic circles, and scholars focus on the normative effect of the guiding case. The defects of case guidance cases; Guiding cases of judicial application and other related issues are studied and discussed. As the system becomes more and more mature scholars also attach great importance to it. It is expected that the instructive case will play its due role in the judicial practice of China. However, the present instructive case itself is not satisfactory, and there are many loopholes in many aspects. For example, it is necessary to determine the comparative point of the case to judge whether the case is similar or not; The judge is very uncomfortable to the case; The case text editing tries to be simple but contradictory with the original text; It is too difficult for the pending cases to connect harmoniously with the current instructive cases; In the sense of department law, instructive cases, especially those that have been issued, are far from the expectation of scholars. The guidance system of criminal cases has the functions of making the norms clear and unifying the application of the law. However, some cases reiterate the public issues. Some cases are duplicated with judicial interpretation, and the strong promotion of the guidance system of criminal cases may conflict with the legality of the crime; The commercial guidance case is out of touch with the actual life seriously; The application logic of instructive cases is confused; Guiding cases as the basis for adjudication is inadequate. In view of the above problems, the author combines the specific cases of judicial practice and adopts the strategy of both evaluation and discussion. In the judicial application of instructive cases, the author firstly generalizes the relevant theories of instructive cases at home and abroad. Secondly, it evaluates the judicial value of the system; On the basis of the above theories, the author makes a comparative analysis of the current instructive cases in China according to the category of branch law. The comparative point of the case or the related similar matter can be extended. The analogical guarantee rule and the analogous guarantee reason can help to regulate the analogous judgment. And to a certain extent to prevent the arbitrariness of similar judgments and mistakes. From the perspective of analogous assurance reasons to improve the writing of the future referee reasons can make the referee reasons and the referee points more closely linked. The Supreme people's Court should not be the only monopoly force, establish detailed case guidance system supporting measures, and add the "Justices' Conference" system. Recognize the local courts often refer to the guiding status of cases, affirm the grass-roots judges, experts and scholars, lawyers for the unique contribution to the construction of criminal cases. The article focuses on the system defects to solve and improve. This paper puts forward some innovative suggestions from the aspects of system normative effect, applicable logic, text editing and review system, hoping to be beneficial to the reform of the current system.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.2

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