资本主义生态危机的政治根源及启示

发布时间：2018-03-25 21:40

本文选题：资本主义　切入点：生态危机　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态危机是指由于不合理开发而引起的资源枯竭、环境恶化和生态系统失衡,是生态失调的恶性发展结果。生态危机一旦形成,在较长时期内难以恢复甚至产生不可逆性的生态灾难。资本主义发展的历史是一部生态破坏史。资本主义兴起阶段和早期发展阶段,生态破坏主要集中在资本积累过程中造成的生态失衡。这一时期的生态问题具有局部性、地区性,对自然资源的危害较小;随着全球化进程不断深入,生态问题具有全球性、综合性。表现为,生态问题蔓延至全世界,一些发达资本主义国家更是打着保护环境的幌子进行国际政治博弈。20世纪以来,这种生态危机发生转移,从发达国家转移至发展中国家。这导致发展中国家生态环境严峻。资本主义政治为资本主义私有制服务,而这直接或间接地造成了资本主义生态危机,并以这种方式促进了剥削。在政治文化方面,资产阶级只追求经济利益最大化,无视环境的破坏与发展。对权力的渴望和操纵,造成政府异化,带来对市民社会利益的损害;把自然环境当做一种商品,用金钱来衡量并认为科技的发展能够解决生态危机。在政治意识形态层面,资本主义政治具有生态破坏性。在政治统治合法性方面,西方国家通过资本积累和政治契约手段实现政治统治合法性,但这种合法性本身具有生态欺骗性。由于资本主义固有的问题,产生合法性危机,在摆脱这种危机的过程中,又加速掠夺了自然,牺牲了更多的自然资源。在政治管理方面,权力和资本结盟,使得统治者更为便利地追求经济利益最大化。在政治决策的过程中,将一己私利凌驾于人类福祉之上。这就使得资本主义的政治管理过程具有生态掠夺性。我国正处于经济快速发展的过程中,面临经济与环境保护如何共同发展这一问题。资本主义发展过程中出现的生态问题在给发展中国家带来生态破坏之外也提醒我们要重视生态、加强生态保护、建设生态文明。这符合经济发展阶段的需要,也符合人民群众的长远根本利益。当前,我们要深刻领会、认真贯彻落实党的十八大会议精神,以科学发展观为指导思想,以生态文明为发展导向,切实负起时代和历史的责任,把祖国建设得更美丽、更富强,努力走向社会主义生态文明新时代。
[Abstract]:Ecological crisis refers to the depletion of resources, the deterioration of environment and the imbalance of ecosystem caused by unreasonable exploitation, which is the result of malignant development of ecological imbalance. Once the ecological crisis is formed, It is difficult to recover or even produce irreversible ecological disasters in a long period of time. The history of capitalist development is a history of ecological destruction. Ecological damage is mainly concentrated in the ecological imbalance caused by the accumulation of capital. The ecological problems in this period are local, regional and less harmful to natural resources. With the deepening of globalization, ecological problems have become global. Comprehensive. This kind of ecological crisis has shifted since the 20th century, when ecological problems spread all over the world, and some developed capitalist countries carried out international political games under the guise of protecting the environment. From the developed countries to the developing countries. This leads to the serious ecological environment of the developing countries. Capitalist politics serves capitalist private ownership, which directly or indirectly causes the capitalist ecological crisis, In the aspect of political culture, the bourgeoisie only pursues the maximization of economic benefits, ignores the destruction and development of the environment, yearns and manipulates the power, causes the alienation of the government, and brings harm to the interests of the civil society. Take the natural environment as a commodity, measure it with money and think that the development of science and technology can solve the ecological crisis. At the level of political ideology, capitalist politics is ecologically destructive. Western countries realize the legitimacy of political rule through the means of capital accumulation and political contract, but this legitimacy itself is ecological deceptive. Because of the inherent problems of capitalism, there is a crisis of legitimacy, and in the process of getting rid of this kind of crisis, In political management, power and capital alliances make it easier for rulers to pursue maximization of economic benefits. In the process of political decision-making, The political management of capitalism is ecologically predatory. Our country is in the process of rapid economic development. Facing the problem of how to develop together in the process of economic and environmental protection, the ecological problems arising in the course of capitalist development not only bring ecological damage to developing countries, but also remind us to pay attention to ecology and strengthen ecological protection. Building ecological civilization is in line with the needs of the stage of economic development and with the long-term fundamental interests of the masses. At present, we must profoundly understand and conscientiously implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Party and take the scientific concept of development as the guiding ideology. We should take ecological civilization as the development guide, conscientiously shoulder the responsibility of the times and history, build our motherland into a more beautiful, richer and stronger country, and strive to move towards a new era of socialist ecological civilization.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D033.3;X2

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