重庆市政府购买养老服务的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 03:09

本文选题：重庆市　切入点：人口老龄化　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,在国家简政放权、放管结合、优化服务和人口老龄化问题日益严重的大背景下,养老服务逐渐成为政府购买公共服务的重要试点领域。我国自进入老龄化社会以来,老龄化呈现出速度加快和高龄化的特点,且与国外“先富后老”相比我国是“未富先老”,老年人口增多,养老问题面临前所未有的压力。习近平总书记和李克强总理高度重视老龄问题,多次对老龄工作做出重要指示,强调要将应对人口老龄化问题放到重要位置。因为养老问题关系到国家全局和社会发展,同时也关系到亿万人民群众的福祉。根据重庆市2016年统计数据显示,至2015年底,重庆市总人口达3016.55万人,65岁及以上人口数达到367.11万人,占全市人口总数的12.17%,高出国际人口老龄化标准5.17个百分点,80岁以上高龄老年人数量占老年人口总数的13.76%,失能、半失能老年人数量占老年人口总数的8.86%。根据国家统计局2016年统计数据显示,重庆市人口老龄化程度高达13.29%,老年人口抚养比高达18.7%,双双排名全国第一,成为全国“最老”的城市,养老问题非常严峻,养老负担非常沉重。面对如此严峻和复杂的人口老龄化问题,如何探索新思路、新方法,完善养老服务供给机制,提升养老服务供给能力,给重庆市政府带来了巨大的挑战。政府是供给养老服务的重要主体,政府购买养老服务是一种新型的养老服务供给模式,是政府购买公共服务在养老服务领域的运用。政府购买养老服务有利于增加养老服务的供给、保障老年人的权益、维护社会稳定、弘扬中华民族尊老爱老的优良传统、转变政府职能、减轻政府负担,构建我国的养老服务体系。因此,政府购买养老服务是重庆市应对严峻的人口老龄化问题的一剂良药,对它的研究具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。政府购买养老服务是一个多学科交叉的研究领域,是一个崭新的研究课题,本文从政府购买的角度来论述重庆市政府购买养老服务存在的问题及对策建议,具有一定的创新性。本论文主体内容包括以下六个部分,具体包括:第一部分,主要介绍了本文的选题背景和研究意义、国内外研究综述、研究的思路与框架、研究的方法与创新点、研究的不足之处;第二部分,介绍了本文的核心概念和理论基础。核心概念包括:养老服务、政府购买、政府购买养老服务;理论基础包括:新公共服务理论、福利多元主义理论、第三方治理理论;第三部分,介绍了重庆市政府购买养老服务的现状,包括重庆市政府购买养老服务的发展历程、现行政策、购买方式、购买资金、购买成效;第四部分,分析了重庆市政府购买养老服务存在的问题及原因,包括五个问题:政策法规不健全,缺乏制度保障;政府财力有限,受惠老年及购买内容受限;购买程序不规范,公开透明性不足;监督评估制度不完善,问责机制缺失;购买对象力量薄弱,竞争性不强;第五部分,介绍了国内外政府购买养老服务的成功经验,国外包括英国政府、瑞典政府、澳大利亚政府,国内包括江苏省、上海市、浙江省,以及他们的成功经验带给重庆市政府购买养老服务的启示;第六部分,介绍了重庆市加快推进政府购买养老服务发展的对策建议,包括政府应完善并落实相关的法规政策,增强制度保障;政府应加大资金投入,增多受惠老人及购买内容;政府应规范购买程序,体现公平公正;政府应完善监督评估制度,保障服务质量;政府应培育社会组织,引入竞争机制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the national decentralization, put the tube combination, the background of optimization services and the growing population aging, pension service has gradually become an important pilot areas of government purchase of public services. Since our country entered the aging society, the aging shows faster and aging, and abroad "after the rich old compared to our country is" old before getting rich, increasing elderly population, pension issues facing the hitherto unknown pressure. General Secretary Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang attaches great importance to the aging problem, repeatedly made important instructions for the aging work, stressed the need to deal with the aging problem in an important position. Because of problems related to the national pension the global and social development, but also related to the well-being of millions of people in the city of Chongqing in 2016. According to statistics, by the end of 2015, Chongqing has a total population of 30 million 165 thousand and 500 people, 65 years old and The above population reached 3 million 671 thousand and 100, accounting for the city's total population of 12.17%, higher than the international standard of aging population of 5.17 percentage points, the number of elderly aged over 80 years old accounted for 13.76% of the total population, disability, semi disabled elderly accounted for 8.86%. of the total number of the elderly population according to the National Bureau of statistics 2016 statistics show that in Chongqing the population aging degree is as high as 13.29%, the elderly population dependency ratio as high as 18.7%, both ranked first in the country, became the "oldest" of the city, the pension problem is very serious, the pension burden is very heavy. In the face of such a severe and complicated problem of population aging, a new way to explore new ideas, and improve the pension service the supply mechanism, improving the service supply capacity, brings a great challenge to the Chongqing municipal government. The government is an important part of the supply of pension services, government purchase pension service is a new type of support The old service supply mode, is the use of government purchase of public services in the field of pension services. The government purchase pension services to increase the supply of pension services, safeguard the rights and interests of the elderly, maintaining social stability, promoting Chinese fine tradition of respecting the old, the transformation of government functions, reduce the burden on the government, the construction of China's pension service system therefore, the government purchase pension service is a panacea for Chongqing to cope with the serious problem of aging population, has important theoretical significance and practical significance to study it. The government purchase pension service is a multidisciplinary research field is a new research topic, this paper from the perspective of government purchase this Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service existing problems and countermeasures, has certain innovation. The main content of this thesis includes the following six parts: the first part, including And this paper mainly introduces the research background and significance, the domestic and foreign research review, research ideas and framework, research methods and innovation, the inadequacies of the study; the second part introduces the core concepts and the theoretical basis of this paper. Key concepts include: the government purchase pension services, and government purchase pension service; the theoretical basis includes: new public service theory, welfare pluralism theory, the third party governance theory; the third part introduces the current situation of Chongqing municipal government purchase pension services, including the development process, the Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service policy, the purchase, purchase funds, purchase effectiveness; fourth part, analysis of the Chongqing municipal government to buy the problems and reasons existing pension services, including five problems: policies and regulations are not perfect, the lack of institutional guarantee; the government limited financial resources, benefit elderly and buy content restriction; purchase program Not standardized, lack of transparency; supervision and evaluation system is not perfect, lack of accountability mechanisms; the purchase power is weak, the competition is not strong; the fifth part introduces the successful experience of domestic and foreign government purchase pension services, including the British government, foreign government of Sweden, Leah Australia government, including Jiangsu Province, Shanghai city Zhejiang Province, as well as their successful experience to the Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service enlightenment; sixth part, introduced the Chongqing city to accelerate the government purchase pension service development countermeasures, including the government should improve and implement the relevant policies and regulations, enhance the system security; the government should increase capital investment, increase benefit and the elderly to buy content; the government should regulate the purchase program, reflecting the fair; the government should improve the supervision and evaluation system, guarantee the quality of service; the government should nurture social organization, the introduction of competition mechanism.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

【参考文献】