以法益为核心的刑法目的解释研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 11:07

本文选题：法益解释 + 法益　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：所谓"法益解释",指的是以法益为核心的刑法目的解释,也就是以法益保护为刑法目的,围绕着法益这一核心概念展开的一种目的解释方法。这种解释方法要求对于特定罪名的犯罪构成要件进行解释时,必须确信符合此种特定犯罪构成要件的行为,确实侵害了刑法设立该罪所欲保护的法益,确保刑法规定该罪的目的得以实现。对以法益为核心的刑法目的解释展开研究,必须首先从目的解释视阈内的刑法目的概念开始梳理。目的解释的立场曾有主客观之争的对立,客观目的论更符合目的解释的需要,但目的复杂不定的难题仍待解答。通过对法益概念进行一种学说史的考察,刑法目的解释缺少一个合理划定罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的界限,对此法益这一概念凭借其承载的解释论机能,提供了一个具体、可供操作的标准。"法益解释"自身兼备内省与外向两个维度的功能,也可对解释对象起到目的导向的指导作用。"法益解释"不仅有其目的性扩张的一面,能够强而有力地实现漏洞添补目的,最大限度地扩张语义的界限;也具备内向自省的一面,通过对法益侵害性的有无判断,来节制刑法的暴力干预。通过"法益解释"的目的导向作用,确信符合此种特定罪名构成要件的行为确实侵害了刑法设定该罪所欲保护的法益,从而得出最合刑法保护目的之解释结论。"法益解释"因为其外向的功能,也存在着过度解释的危险,因而必须在遵守一定规则的前提下进行解释。这要求"法益解释"必须在罪刑法定框架内进行并发挥调试作用;存在多种解释时应采取"法益解释"的结论;允许对同一语词作区别解释;刑事政策司法化的过程必须经过"法益解释"的检验,避免以司法解释之名来推行"类推"性质的刑事政策之实。在明确"法益解释"所应遵循的解释规则之余,"法益解释"还面对着规范违反说为底蕴、预防为导向的预防性刑法的挑战,对此刑法目的解释仍应坚持以法益保护为核心的理性坚守。变动刑法理论中仍应坚持以保护法益为目的的解释核心,才能克制对法规范字面含义进行机械解读而顺利实现合目的的刑法体认,"法益解释"必须恪守责任主义、谦抑主义的刑法理性,立足于侵害法益的现实或危险有无,合理地划定罪与非罪的范围。
[Abstract]:The so-called "interpretation of legal interest" refers to the purpose interpretation of criminal law with the core of legal interest, that is, a method of interpretation of purpose around the core concept of legal interest, which takes the protection of legal interest as the purpose of criminal law. This method of interpretation requires that, when interpreting the constitutive elements of a crime for a particular offence, it must be satisfied that the act that conforms to the constitutive element of such a specific crime really infringes the legal interests that the criminal law seeks to protect by establishing the crime. To ensure that the purpose of the crime is achieved under the criminal law. In order to study the purpose interpretation of criminal law with the core of legal interest, we must begin to sort out the concept of criminal law purpose from the perspective of purpose interpretation. Objective Skopos theory is more in line with the need of Skopos interpretation, but the complicated and uncertain objective problem remains to be solved. Through the investigation of the history of a kind of theory on the concept of legal interest, the explanation of the purpose of criminal law lacks a reasonable definition of crime and non-crime, and the boundary between this crime and that of other crimes. It provides a concrete meaning for the concept of legal interest by virtue of its explanatory function. The standard of operation. " The interpretation of legal interest "has the function of both introspection and extroversion, which can also serve as an aim-oriented guide to the object of interpretation." The interpretation of legal interest not only has its side of purposeful expansion, but also has the side of introspection to judge whether there is any infringement of legal interest. To curb the violent intervention of criminal law. Through the purpose guidance function of "legal interest interpretation", it is believed that the behavior which accords with the constitutive elements of this particular crime really infringes the legal interest that the criminal law establishes to protect the crime, and thus draws the interpretation conclusion that is most suitable for the purpose of criminal law protection. " Because of its extroverted function, there is a danger of over-interpretation, so it must be interpreted in accordance with certain rules. This requires that "legal interest interpretation" must be carried out within the framework of a legally prescribed crime and play a debugging role; the conclusion of "legal interest interpretation" should be adopted when there are multiple interpretations; the interpretation of the same term should be allowed to be interpreted differently; The judicial process of criminal policy must go through the examination of "legal interest interpretation", and avoid carrying out the "analogy" nature of criminal policy in the name of judicial interpretation. In addition to clarifying the rules of interpretation that should be followed in the interpretation of legal interests, the interpretation of legal interests also faces the challenge of preventive criminal law, which is based on the theory of norm violation and is guided by prevention. To explain this criminal law purpose, we should insist on the rational adherence to the protection of legal interests as the core. In the theory of changing criminal law, we should still insist on the core of interpretation with the aim of protecting the interests, so that we can refrain from mechanical interpretation of the literal meaning of the legal norms and realize the criminal understanding of the purpose smoothly. The interpretation of legal interests must strictly abide by the principle of responsibility. The rational criminal law of modesty is based on the reality or danger of infringing legal interests and reasonably delimits the scope of crime and non-crime.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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