论我国律师辩护权保障制度的完善

发布时间：2018-05-04 18:27

本文选题：律师 + 辩护权　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着人权保障理念的不断深入,辩护制度改革成为我国法学界和实务界共同关注的一个热点问题。学者们对辩护权的概念,辩护制度的理论基础,刑事辩护制度的意义,辩护的种类、范围,辩护人的责任,辩护人的诉讼地位,辩护人的诉讼权利和诉讼义务进行了较为深入的研究。但是,在司法实务中,律师担任辩护人的时候,其辩护权的行使问题却一直是困扰我国刑事司法的一大难题,律师辩护权保障问题仍然突出。律师辩护权的保障不仅直接影响着辩护权的行使效果,而且对于制约司法权,促进司法公正,保障人权具有重要价值。本文试图在阐释律师辩护权保障制度价值的基础上,通过对两大法系国家的律师辩护权保障制度的考察,为我国律师辩护权保障制度的完善提供经验借鉴。然后,分析司法实务中我国律师辩护权运行中的障碍,揭示我国律师辩护权保障制度存在的重要问题,最后从立法上提出完善辩护权保障制度的建议。全文共有四个部分,具体如下:第一部分:阐释律师辩护权保障制度的一般理论。首先厘清辩护与辩护权的概念,在认识清楚辩护权保障制度的基础上,探讨了律师辩护权保障制度的价值,指出有效辩护制度在权力制衡、实现司法公正、保障人权等方面的积极作用。第二部分:国外律师辩护权保障制度探究。主要介绍了英美德法四国关于律师辩护权保障制度的立法经验,指出了各国制度的特色,并综合分析比较了各国的制度,评析论证制度中具有进步意义的法律规则。第三部分:揭示我国律师辩护权保障制度立法规定的不足之处。采用实证分析的方法从律师会见权保障不充分、调查取证权形式化、法庭质证难落实、辩护律师在场权缺失、律师辩护权救济机制不健全这五个方面揭示出我国现在刑事诉讼中律师辩护权保障制度立法规定的不足之处。第四部分:提出完善我国律师辩护权保障制度的建议。针对存在的问题,提出相应完善制度的建议:加强辩护律师会见保障力度;赋辩护律师实质化的调查取证权;保障辩护律师庭审质证权;赋予辩护律师的在场权;赋予辩护律师豁免权;构建侵犯辩护权的制裁机制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deepening of the concept of human rights protection, the reform of defense system has become a hot issue of common concern in the field of law and practice in our country. The concept of the right to defense, the theoretical basis of the defense system, the significance of the criminal defense system, the types and scope of the defence, the responsibilities of the defender, the litigation status of the defender, Defenders' litigation rights and obligations have been studied in depth. However, in the judicial practice, when lawyers are defenders, the exercise of their right to defense has always been a major problem puzzling our criminal justice, and the protection of lawyers' right to defense is still prominent. The guarantee of lawyers' right of defense not only directly affects the effect of the exercise of the right of defense, but also has important value for restricting judicial power, promoting judicial justice and safeguarding human rights. On the basis of explaining the value of lawyers' right to defense, this paper attempts to provide experience for the perfection of the system of lawyers' right of defense in China through the investigation of the system of safeguarding lawyers' right of defense in the countries of two legal systems. Then, the author analyzes the obstacles in the operation of lawyers' right to defense in judicial practice, reveals the important problems existing in the system of safeguarding lawyers' right of defense, and finally puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the system of safeguarding the right of defense in legislation. There are four parts in this paper: the first part: explain the general theory of lawyer's right to defense. First of all, it clarifies the concept of defense and the right to defense, on the basis of clearly understanding the system of safeguarding the right to defense, discusses the value of the system of safeguarding the right of defense of lawyers, points out that the effective system of defense is balancing power and realizing judicial justice. The protection of human rights and other aspects of the positive role. The second part: the protection system of lawyers' right to defense abroad. This paper mainly introduces the legislative experience of Anglo-American and German-French countries on the protection system of lawyers' right to defense, points out the characteristics of each country's system, and comprehensively analyzes and compares the systems of various countries, and comments on the progressive legal rules in the system of argumentation. The third part: reveals the deficiency of our country lawyer's defense right safeguard system legislation stipulation. By using the method of empirical analysis, the rights of lawyers' meeting are not fully guaranteed, the right to investigate and collect evidence is formalized, the court cross-examination is difficult to carry out, and the right of defense counsel to be present is missing. The remedy mechanism of lawyers' right of defense is not perfect in these five aspects, which reveals the deficiency of the legal provisions of the system of safeguarding lawyers' right of defense in the present criminal proceedings in our country. The fourth part: put forward the suggestion of perfecting our country lawyer's defense right safeguard system. In view of the existing problems, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the system: strengthening the guarantee of defense counsel meeting; giving defense counsel the substantive right to investigate and collect evidence; ensuring the right of defense counsel to cross-examine in court; giving defense counsel the right to be present; To grant immunity to defence counsel; to establish sanctions for infringement of the right to defense.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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