公平竞争审查制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 09:36

本文选题：公平竞争审查制度 + 竞争评估　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《关于在市场体系建设中建立公平竞争审查制度的意见》的颁布,标志着我国公平竞争审查制度的初步建立。这一制度起源于国外的竞争评估制度,是在对国外制度成功借鉴基础上,根据中国实际所建立起来的适合我国国情的政府管制政策审查制度。管制政策理念的变革,使得"更佳管制"理念深入人心,管制影响评估成为政府管制各国追求高品质政府管制过程中的重要推动因素。我国公平竞争审查制度经历了萌芽、探索、建立三个时期,这一制度的建立有利于公平竞争的市场秩序的建立,有利于完善不当限制竞争管制政策的规制机制,有利于产业政策与竞争政策的协调。我国现阶段的公平竞争审查制度由《意见》和各地区的具体实施意见共同构成。《意见》在适用对象、审查机制、审查内容、工作机制、相关配套措施等方面做出了原则性的规定。目前已有部分省市根据《意见》制定了本地区的具体实施意见,在审查责任主体、审查程序、工作机制、宣传教育、保障措施等方面对《意见》结合本地实际,予以了进一步的细化。现有公平竞争审查制度在法律依据、制度设计方面存在一定的局限性,在具体实践中也面临一定的挑战。首先,《意见》属一般行政规范性文件,并不能为公平竞争审查制度提供足够使其应有作用得到充分发挥的法律依据,《反垄断法》也不能够为其提供足够的法律支持;其次,现有制度在适用对象、审查模式、审查标准、例外规定、救济措施、责任形式等方面存在一定局限性,需要进一步的明确与完善;最后,制度在具体实施过程中需要面对三大挑战,即制度实施与政府招商引资承诺之间的冲突、制度实施与地区经济发展不均衡之间的冲突、联席会议制度作用的有效发挥。针对现有公平竞争审查制度存在的问题,文章主张从三个方面对公平竞争审查制度予以完善。实体方面,建议明确制度的法律依据,对《反垄断法》予以适当修改,并由反垄断委员会主导尽快出台实施细则;建议进一步明确公平竞争审查制度的适用范围,将国务院及其所属部门制定的政策措施也纳入审查范围;建议进一步明确制度的基本审查标准,对例外规定予以进一步细化,建议建立有效的责任追究机制。程序方面,建议改组反垄断委员会,明确公平竞争审查制度的权力划分;建议完善公平竞争审查制度的启动、审查及救济程序;建议建立和完善公平竞争审查制度的制约与监督机制。配套制度方面,建议完善公平竞争审查联席会议制度、竞争文化倡导制度及公平竞争审查激励制度。文章期望通过实体、程序及配套措施三方面的建议,为我国公平竞争审查制度的更好实施与完善做出一定的贡献。
[Abstract]:The promulgation of the opinion on the establishment of a fair competition examination system in the construction of the market system marks the initial establishment of a fair competition examination system in China. This system originated from the foreign competition evaluation system. It is a government control set up on the basis of the successful foreign system and in accordance with the actual conditions of China. The policy review system and the reform of the concept of control policy make the concept of "better control" deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The control impact assessment has become an important driving factor in the process of government control of high quality government. The system of fair competition review has experienced three periods of germination, exploration and construction. The establishment of this system is conducive to fair competition. The establishment of the competitive market order is conducive to the improvement of the regulatory mechanism for the improper restriction of the competition control policy and the coordination of industrial policy and competition policy. The current stage of fair competition examination system in China is composed of "opinions" and the specific implementation opinions of various regions. < opinion > in the applicable object, review mechanism, examination content, and working mechanism, At present, some provinces and cities have formulated the specific implementation opinions of the region according to the opinions of some provinces and cities, and further refine the views on the subject, the review procedure, the working mechanism, the propaganda and education, the safeguard measures and so on. There are certain limitations in the system of legal basis and system design, which also face certain challenges in concrete practice. First, < opinion > belongs to the general administrative normative document, and can not provide sufficient legal basis for the fair competition examination system to give full play to its due role, and the antitrust law can not provide enough for it. Secondly, the existing system has some limitations in the application object, the examination mode, the examination standard, the exception rules, the relief measures, the form of responsibility and so on. In the end, the system needs to face three major challenges in the concrete implementation process, namely, the conflict between the system implementation and the government investment and investment commitment. In accordance with the existing problems of the existing fair competition examination system, the article advocates the improvement of the fair competition examination system from three aspects. In the physical aspect, it suggests that the legal basis of the system should be clearly defined and the anti monopoly law should be properly repaired. Reform, and by the anti trust Committee led to the implementation of the rules as soon as possible; proposed to further clarify the scope of the application of the fair competition review system, the State Council and its affiliated departments of the policy measures also included in the scope of the review; suggestions to further clarify the basic standards of the system, further refinement of the exceptions, and suggest the establishment of effective. On the procedural aspect, it is suggested that the Anti Monopoly Committee should be reorganized to define the power division of the fair competition review system, and to improve the starting, review and relief procedures of the fair competition review system, and to establish and improve the restriction and supervision mechanism of the fair competition examination system. The system of joint meeting, the system of competitive culture advocacy and the incentive system of fair competition review are expected to make some contributions to the better implementation and improvement of the fair competition examination system in China through three suggestions of entity, procedure and supporting measures.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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