我国网购消费者反悔权问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 18:04

  本文选题：网络购物 + 消费者反悔权　； 参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国网络经济已进入高速发展的时代,同时,网上购物也呈现出光速发展的状态,并且在年轻人中已经成为当今最受欢迎的购物方式,拥有众多追随者。但随之而来的是网购争端云起,消费者与经营商之间的问题层出不穷,整个网络购物行业危机四伏。不可否认,网络购物有选择多、便利、没有时间和地域限制等诸多优点,但与此同时,网络购物也有着盲目消费,经营者和消费者信息不对等,责任规定不明确和沟通渠道存在障碍等难以忽视的弊端,急待解决。由于我国的网络购物经济规模已十分巨大,因此将网络购物市场的秩序规范化,并予以网购消费者合法权益的保护已变得不容拖延。消费者反悔权制度是指消费者在承担一定运费的情况下,在收到商品后的一段时间内无须说明理由即可将商品退回的权利。(1)此制度是我国社会主义市场经济下的产物,也同样符合国际社会重视保护消费者合法权益做法。我国立法已对此作了初步规定,但实践中仍有不少问题值得探讨。本文运用规范分析、比较分析、案例分析等方法研究消费者反悔权问题。除了引言和结语外,本文可分为四部分:第一部分是网购消费者反悔权概述。首先是阐述网购消费者反悔权内涵和其产生背景。虽然目前我国在网购消费者反悔权的定义上还未达成一致意见,但笔者认为,“网购消费者反悔权”是最适合的,既能体现其实质,又不会与现行法律体系的其他权利相混淆。其次是正当性基础,表面看来该权利好像与契约自由、契约严守原则相违背,但深究之下,笔者发现其正当性基础是保护消费者合法权益,其存在是必须的。最后是法律性质,通说认为网购消费者反悔权为一种形成权。但其究竟属于形成权中的撤销权还是解除权,这一问题在理论界始终存在争议。因此,讨论其法律性质就显得尤为重要,经过探讨,笔者认为网购消费者反悔权是一种法定解除权。通过对网购消费者反悔权制度总体的整理和介绍,为下文中探讨权利的适用做铺垫。第二部分是网购消费者反悔权的立法现状及存在的问题。包括消费者滥用反悔权问题、适用条件不清晰问题、适用规则不明确问题、监管不到位问题、权利救济路径不畅通、消费者自我保护意识薄弱等问题。第三部分是国外网购消费者反悔权的比较与借鉴。通过分析英国、美国、德国的网购消费者反悔权相关立法,总结出能够为我们所用的立法经验,实现完善我国网购消费者反悔权的目的。第四部分是我国网购消费者反悔权的完善,它是本文的核心部分。首先从完善相关法律制度的角度着手,包括适用条件的进一步界定、适用规则的进一步完善构建、适用限制性约束规则的完善;其次,从加强对网购消费者反悔权的监管的角度入手,包括加强行业监管和行政监管;然后,从健全网购消费者反悔权的司法救济角度入手,包括完善公益诉讼制度和完善小额诉讼制度;最后,从行业自律层面的角度入手,包括经营者要严格执行告知义务、加强企业诚信建设和优化消费者协会功能。本文的论点是网购消费者反悔权的创设目的是对网购消费者的保护,反悔权属于解除权。我国在消费者反悔权方面的保护做的还不够理想,应该从法律制度、对网购消费者反悔权监管、对网购反悔权的司法救济、消协及行业自律等角度入手,加强对网购消费者反悔权的保护。本次论文的目的在于通过这次论文的探讨,能够对消费者反悔权这一法律规定有更加深刻的了解,结合国外对消费者反悔权的规定来探索我国规定的不足之处,并借鉴其经验对我国的制度加以完善,更加切实、有效的保护我国消费者的利益。
[Abstract]:At present, China's network economy has entered the era of rapid development. At the same time, online shopping has also shown a state of rapid development, and has become the most popular shopping mode in young people and has many followers. It is undeniable that online shopping has many advantages, such as many choices, convenience, no time and regional restrictions, but at the same time, online shopping has blind consumption, information is not equal to the operators and consumers, the responsibilities are not clear and the communication channels are in obstacles, which are difficult to be ignored. Because of our country, it is urgent to solve the problem. The scale of the online shopping economy has been very large, so the standardization of the order of the online shopping market and the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the consumers of the online shopping have become no delay. The consumer's rep system means that the consumer will not need to explain the reason after receiving the goods for a period of time after receiving the certain freight. The right to return. (1) this system is a product of the socialist market economy in China. It also conforms to the international community's attention to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Our legislation has already made a preliminary provision, but there are still a lot of problems in practice. This paper uses normative analysis, comparative analysis, case analysis and other methods to study consumers. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article can be divided into four parts: the first part is the overview of the right of Rep of consumers in online shopping. The first is to explain the connotation and background of the right of RET of consumers in online shopping. Although there is no agreement on the definition of the right of reregrets for online shopping consumers, the author believes that "online shopping consumers regret it." Right is the most suitable, not only to embody its essence, but also to be confused with the other rights of the current legal system. Secondly, it is the basis of legitimacy. It appears that the right seems to be against the principle of freedom of contract and the strict adherence to the principle of contract. But in the deep study, the author finds that its legitimacy is based on the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. After the legal nature, it is said that the right of revoking of online shopping consumers is a form of formative right. However, it is always controversial in the theoretical circle. Therefore, it is particularly important to discuss its legal nature. After discussion, the author thinks that the right of Rep of online shopping is a legal right to rescind. Through the overall arrangement and introduction of the right system of the online shopping consumer's right of regret, the second part is the legislative status and existing problems of the right of RET of consumers in online shopping. The third part is the comparison and reference of the right of remorse for online shopping consumers in foreign countries. Through the analysis of relevant legislation on the right of remorse for online shopping consumers in Britain, the United States and Germany, the article summarizes the items that can be used for our legislative experience to perfect the right of remorse for the consumers in China online shopping. The fourth part is the perfection of the right of repending in China's online shopping. It is the core part of this article. First of all, from the angle of perfecting the relevant legal system, including further definition of the applicable conditions, the further perfection and construction of the applicable rules, the perfection of the restrictive rules, and the supervision of strengthening the supervision of the right of the consumer's Rep of online shopping. The point of view is to strengthen the industry supervision and administrative supervision, and then, from the angle of improving the judicial relief of the right of the online shopping consumer, including perfecting the public interest litigation system and perfecting the small lawsuit system; finally, from the perspective of the self-discipline level of the industry, the operators should strictly carry out the duty of disclosure and strengthen the construction and excellence of the enterprise's honesty and credit. The point of this article is that the purpose of the online shopping consumer's right of repent is to protect the online shopping consumers, and the right of repact belongs to the right to rescind. Our country's protection of the right of the consumer's rep is not ideal. It should be from the legal system, the supervision of the right of repent of the consumers on the net purchase, the judicial relief to the right of repending online shopping, and the elimination Association. The purpose of this paper is to have a deeper understanding of the legal provisions on the right of consumer's repact through the discussion of this thesis, and to explore the shortcomings of the provisions of our country and draw lessons from its experience. The system of our country is improved, more effective and effective in protecting the interests of our consumers.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.8
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本文编号：2088614