豫北地区农村改建型养老设施的绿色设计策略研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 13:05

【摘要】：我国自1999年步入老龄化以来,人口老龄化程度日益加重,养老问题已成为严重的社会问题。相比城市,农村老年人有着基数大、生活条件差等特点,养老问题更令人堪忧。且伴随着城镇化进程的加快,农村留守老年人比例逐年增大,农村“空心化”,家庭“空巢化”现象越来越严重。近些年来,许多地区农村将当地闲置校园、住宅、办公等公建改建为养老设施。既降低了养老设施的投资成本,又解决了闲置建筑的浪费、污染、管理等问题,值得在我国多数农村地区进行推广。但是通过实地调研发现,此类养老设施普遍存在着通风与采光差、资源浪费、高能耗等问题,且生活条件十分恶劣。本文以豫北地区农村为例,分三个部分探讨改善改建型养老设施的绿色设计策略。第一部分为现状调研与问卷调查,文章先以搜集的资料与实地调研为例,对改建型养老设施的个案进行分类介绍分析,总结出改建型养老设施特征与优势,以及存在的既有建筑选择适宜性、空间划分与利用、建筑能耗、再生资源与能源利用、室内环境质量五方面的共性问题,其次统计调查问卷数据,得出农村老年人关于建筑、环境、能源等方面的居住意愿,为后文提供参考。第二部分为绿色改建设计策略研究,结合总结出的居住意愿与共性问题,以及豫北地区农村的经济、自然环境等情况,针对性地提出适宜的地理位置、适当的规模、合理的结构形式等既有建筑选择原则,以及优化布局、空间利用、外维护结构、能源与资源利用等方面的绿色改建设计策略。最后,以济源市西正村幸福院为例,对其空间组织、外维护结构、资源与能源利用、室内设备进行再改建设计,选择最适宜的策略,以达最佳效果。作者期望通过本文的研究,为此类养老设施的改建设计提供参考,从而实现闲置的可持续利用,解决农村养老设施严重不足与高能耗问题,并为农村老年人提供舒适的养老居住环境。
[Abstract]:Since China stepped into an aging society in 1999, the aging of the population has become more and more serious, and the problem of the aged has become a serious social problem. Compared with cities, the rural elderly have the characteristics of large base, poor living conditions, pension problems are more worrying. With the acceleration of urbanization, the proportion of the elderly left behind in rural areas increases year by year, and the phenomenon of "emptiness" in rural areas and "empty nest" in families becomes more and more serious. In recent years, many rural areas have converted local public buildings such as campus, residence and office into old-age facilities. It not only reduces the investment cost of pension facilities, but also solves the problems of waste, pollution and management of idle buildings, which is worth popularizing in most rural areas of our country. But through the field investigation, it is found that there are many problems such as poor ventilation and lighting, waste of resources and high energy consumption, and the living conditions are very bad. Taking the rural areas of northern Henan as an example, this paper discusses the green design strategy of improving the facilities for the aged in three parts. The first part is the present situation investigation and questionnaire survey, the article first takes the collected information and the field investigation as the example, carries on the classification introduction analysis to the reconstruction type pension facility case, summarizes the reconstruction type pension facility characteristic and the superiority, And there are five common problems, such as suitability of building selection, space division and utilization, building energy consumption, renewable resources and energy utilization, indoor environmental quality. Environment, energy and other aspects of the living desire, for later reference. The second part is the study of green reconstruction design strategy, combined with the summed up of the living will and common problems, as well as the rural economy, natural environment and other situations in northern Henan, the appropriate geographical location, appropriate scale, and so on, The reasonable structure form has the building choice principle, as well as the optimized layout, the space utilization, the outside maintenance structure, the energy and the resources utilization and so on green reconstruction design strategy. Finally, taking Xizheng Village Happiness Hospital of Jiyuan City as an example, the space organization, external maintenance structure, resource and energy utilization, indoor equipment are redesigned, and the most appropriate strategy is selected to achieve the best results. The author expects to provide reference for the reconstruction design of this kind of pension facilities through the research in this paper, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of idle pension facilities and solve the problems of serious shortage and high energy consumption of rural old-age facilities. And for the elderly in rural areas to provide a comfortable living environment for the aged.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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