宪法视域下个人信息保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 19:34

【摘要】：随着信息时代的到来,不论是在信息技术发达且政府巨型数据库发展较早的西方国家还是我国,关于个人信息保护的问题总是能引起人们的担忧。这种担忧不仅来自于媒体屡屡曝光的社会商事主体对公民个人信息的侵犯,更来自于公权力机关对个人信息的潜在威胁和现实侵害。基于此种担忧,本文尝试探究在宪法视域下对个人信息进行保护的路径,具体来说,文章分为以下四部分:第一部分主要对个人信息在不同国家和地区的立法性文件中的定义进行介绍与比较,总结个人信息的内涵,提出个人信息权并论述了个人信息权作为我国个人信息保护的宪法基础,对与个人信息有关的基础性问题进行了论述。第二部分旨在对我国个人信息保护的现状进行研究。主要分析我国个人信息保护之现实需求,探索我国个人信息保护的立法框架及由此发现的法律困境。第三部分主要介绍了个人信息保护的域外经验。探究了德国以信息自决权为理论基础的统一立法模式和美国以信息隐私权为理论基础的分散立法模式,并总结了二者的经验。第四部分提出了宪法视域下我国个人信息保护的路径选择。首先应确立“个人信息权”所依据的“人格尊严”在宪法上的地位,其次应当制定统一的《个人信息保护法》,最后,应当通过完善违宪审查救济制度来全面构建我国个人信息保护体系。
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the information age, whether in the western countries or China, where information technology is developed and the government giant databases developed earlier, the problem of personal information protection always causes people's worry. This kind of worry not only comes from the encroachment of the social commercial subject on the citizen's personal information, but also from the potential threat and the realistic encroachment of the public power organ to the personal information. Based on this concern, this paper attempts to explore the path to protect personal information from the perspective of the Constitution, specifically, The article is divided into the following four parts: the first part mainly introduces and compares the definition of personal information in the legislative documents of different countries and regions, summarizes the connotation of personal information, This paper puts forward the right of personal information and discusses the right of personal information as the constitutional basis of personal information protection in our country, and discusses the basic problems related to personal information. The second part is to study the current situation of personal information protection in China. This paper mainly analyzes the practical needs of personal information protection in China, and probes into the legislative framework of personal information protection in our country and the legal dilemma found out therefrom. The third part mainly introduces the overseas experience of personal information protection. This paper explores the unified legislative model based on the information self-determination in Germany and the decentralized legislative model based on the information privacy in the United States, and summarizes their experiences. The fourth part puts forward the path choice of personal information protection from the perspective of Constitution. First of all, we should establish the constitutional status of "human dignity" on the basis of the "right to personal information", secondly, we should formulate a unified personal Information Protection Act, and finally, The system of personal information protection should be built by perfecting the remedy system of unconstitutional review.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D921

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