我国环境司法机制研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 10:39

【摘要】：在环境问题日益突出的当今,人们对仅以行政为主导的环境纠纷解决机制逐渐丧失信心,于是理论界纷纷将洁净环境的途径转向了司法领域,以期通过司法改革,推进环境司法的发展来遏制环境恶化的现状,解决环境问题。不断完善我国环境司法机制,进行环境司法改革来解决环境纠纷,是目前解决环境问题的重要选择。本文从以下几个方面全面系统研究。第一部分,完善环境司法机制的理论依据。主要内容包括环境司法机制的概念、构成及理论依据。环境司法机制完善的理论依据主要有:环境司法的法哲学依据、环境法正义价值的要求以及环境救济迫切需要等几个方面。第二部分,研究环境司法机制的国外现状。主要引介了美国、德国、印度、等国家的环境司法现状,及其专门化、专业化的表现,同时对国外环境司法的功能进行了阐述。第三部分,研究环境司法机制存在的问题。主要从环境司法的发展状况,司法机关采取的措施,环境司法存在起诉难、审判难、调解难的状况等方面阐述了我国环境司法机制的现状;着重从现有司法体制存在局限性,环境立法不完善,环境诉讼机制存在缺陷,法官的环境法专业能力有待提高,公众的环保意识缺乏等方面分析了这种现状存在的原因。第四部分,研究我国环境司法机制的完善。主要包括建立环境审判机构、完善环境审判模式、设置环境检察处、环境警察;更新环境司法理念、提高环境司法的专业化水平、设置环境司法鉴定机构,形成专家证人制度的常态化;完善诉讼机制;建立日常化的环境司法联动保障机制。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, when environmental problems are more and more prominent, people gradually lose confidence in the environmental dispute resolution mechanism, which is dominated only by administration, so the theorists have turned the path of clean environment to the judicial field one after another, in order to pass the judicial reform. Promote the development of environmental justice to curb the current situation of environmental degradation and solve environmental problems. It is an important choice to solve environmental problems by constantly perfecting our environmental judicial mechanism and carrying out environmental judicial reform to solve environmental disputes. In this paper, the following aspects of a comprehensive and systematic study. The first part is the theoretical basis of perfecting the environmental judicial mechanism. The main content includes the concept, constitution and theoretical basis of the environmental judicial mechanism. The theoretical basis for the perfection of environmental justice mechanism mainly includes: the legal philosophy basis of environmental justice, the requirement of the value of environmental law justice and the urgent need of environmental relief and so on. The second part, studies the foreign present situation of the environmental judicial mechanism. This paper introduces the current situation of environmental justice in America, Germany, India and other countries, as well as its specialization and specialization. At the same time, it expounds the function of environmental justice in foreign countries. The third part studies the problems existing in the environmental judicial mechanism. From the development of environmental justice, the measures taken by the judicial organs, the difficulties of prosecution, trial and mediation of environmental justice, this paper expounds the present situation of the environmental judicial mechanism in China, focusing on the limitations of the existing judicial system. The reasons for this situation are analyzed in the following aspects: imperfect environmental legislation, defects in environmental litigation mechanism, the need to improve the professional ability of the judges in environmental law, and the lack of public awareness of environmental protection. The fourth part studies the perfection of our country's environmental judicial mechanism. It mainly includes the establishment of environmental justice institutions, the perfection of environmental justice models, the establishment of environmental procuratorial offices and environmental police, the renewal of environmental justice concepts, the enhancement of the specialized level of environmental justice, and the setting up of environmental judicial appraisal institutions. The system of expert witness should be regularized, the litigation mechanism should be perfected, and the environmental judicial linkage mechanism should be established.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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