我国社区志愿服务的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2019-04-15 12:12

【摘要】：我国的社区志愿服务是社区与志愿服务有机结合的时代产物,有着不可比拟的优越性和强大的生命力。目前,尽管我国的社区志愿服务还处在发展的初级阶段,但是在发展中所取得的成绩却是有目共睹的。当然,在取得良好成绩的同时,我国的社区志愿服务也面临着一定的挑战,存在着一定的问题,这些问题主要体现在政府、社区居委会、社区志愿组织和社区志愿者四个方面。本文的研究目的就在于解决以上四个方面存在的问题,通过对问题成因的分析,有针对性地为我国社区志愿服务的发展提出建设性的对策和建议。文章主要从四个角度进行对策分析:首先是政府的角度。政府作为社区志愿服务的主要引导者和支持者,在社区志愿服务中发挥着统筹全局的重大作用。因此,政府需要营造促进社区志愿服务发展的宏观环境,具体包括积极培育和扶持社区志愿组织、健全社区志愿服务的法制环境、加大对社区志愿服务的资金投入等;其次是社区居委会的角度。社区居委会作为政府的有力协助者,在社区志愿服务中扮演着信息提供者和资源整合者等至关重要的角色。因此,社区居委会需要强化自身职责,具体包括扮演好“直接安排者”的角色、善用社会力量推动社区志愿服务工作的发展等;第三是社区志愿组织的角度。社区志愿组织作为社区志愿服务的直接管理者和建设者,主要使命就在于组织和管理好志愿者、规划和开展好志愿服务。因此,需要规范社区志愿组织的建设取向,具体包括正确处理好与政府之间的关系、保持自身的非官方色彩、加大社区志愿服务的宣传力度等;第四是社区志愿者的角度。社区志愿者作为社区志愿服务的主要实施者和参与者,在社区志愿服务中起着至关重要的作用,能够为社区志愿服务提供源源不断的新鲜血液。因此,需要完善社区志愿者保障激励机制,具体包括积极推进社区志愿者积分激励机制、完善志愿服务考核评估体制、加强志愿者权益保护、充分利用社工的专业化优势等。
[Abstract]:Community voluntary service in China is the result of the organic combination of community and voluntary service, which has incomparable superiority and strong vitality. At present, although the community voluntary service in our country is still in the initial stage of development, the achievements in the development are obvious to all. Of course, at the same time, the community volunteer service in our country is facing certain challenges and problems. These problems are mainly reflected in four aspects: government, community neighborhood committee, community voluntary organization and community volunteer, which are mainly reflected in the following four aspects: government, community neighborhood committee, community voluntary organization and community volunteer. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems in the above four aspects. Through the analysis of the causes of the problems, this paper puts forward some constructive countermeasures and suggestions for the development of community voluntary service in China. The article mainly carries on the countermeasure analysis from four angles: the first is the government angle. As the main guide and supporter of community volunteerism, government plays an important role in the overall planning of community volunteerism. Therefore, the government needs to create a macro-environment to promote the development of community voluntary service, which includes actively cultivating and supporting community voluntary organizations, improving the legal environment of community volunteering, and increasing the investment in community voluntary service. Secondly, the perspective of community neighborhood committee. Community neighborhood committee, as a powerful helper of government, plays an important role in community voluntary service, such as information provider and resource integrator. Therefore, community neighborhood committees need to strengthen their own responsibilities, including playing the role of "direct arranger", making good use of social forces to promote the development of community voluntary service, and the third is the perspective of community voluntary organizations. As the direct manager and builder of community voluntary service, the main mission of community voluntary organization is to organize and manage volunteers, to plan and carry out voluntary service. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the construction orientation of community voluntary organizations, including correctly handling the relationship with the government, maintaining their own unofficial color, increasing the publicity of community voluntary service, and so on; fourth, the perspective of community volunteers. As the main implementers and participants of community volunteerism, community volunteers play an important role in community volunteerism, and can provide a continuous stream of fresh blood for community volunteerism. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the incentive mechanism of community volunteers, including promoting the integral incentive mechanism of community volunteers, perfecting the assessment and evaluation system of volunteer service, strengthening the protection of volunteers' rights and interests, making full use of the specialization advantages of social workers, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.9

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