当代我国政府公共危机管理体系探析
发布时间：2019-05-19 19:51
【摘要】： 公共危机、公共危机管理与人类社会的发展进步始终相伴随,两者始终处于螺旋式互动状态,上升为一种社会生态规则。只要人类社会没有终结,公共危机——公共危机管理——社会发展进步的链条就不会终结。 眼下,人们最为关注的是当下意义的公共危机的多发,而转型期的中国社会正处于这一阶段。在前进的道路上,我们所面对的各种潜在或显性的公共危机,在某种意义上,几乎与我们可以把握的机遇一样多一样大。从经济全球化、跨国垄断资本的挺进到民族产业的自救,从霸权主义横行、“文明冲突”到世界和地区政治格局的动荡,从利益调整引发的群体性事件到刑事犯罪,从“礼崩乐坏”、信仰和道德的缺失引发的集体冷漠到享乐主义、吸毒、艾滋病和自杀率飙升。住房、教育、医疗……生活有太多的无奈,关于未来的设计有太多的歧见,这个世界变化太快了,但生活还要继续,当“专家”们还在喋喋不休争论时,普通大众并不认账,网络“愤青”更是骂声一片。表面上看,似乎是人们变得比以往浮躁,“世风日下、人心不古”,但面对如此巨大的社会变局,人们又怎能没有危机感?对现实的不满足感、对多发的公共危机的正视和理性批判正是这个时代最具革命性的力量之一。 政府对一次危机的管理,可以说是一次对政府管理能力与效力的全面考察和综合鉴定,是衡量和反映政府统治力量的重要方面。反之危机管理又推动政府进行积极、能动的改革与制度创新,不断完善和巩固政府在公众中的良好形象。而政府危机管理的绩效和结果,还成为其政治合法性及公共形象的基本来源和存在基础。怎样完善政府的危机管理体系任重而道远,本文分为以下三个部分: 第一部分:公共危机管理概述。界定政府危机管理的相关概念,归纳了公共危机的特征及其分类,重点阐述了政府危机管理的职能和策略。 第二部分:中国公共危机管理的现状及存在的问题。以美、日的公共危机管理模式为例,探索了国外公共危机管理模式对我国的借鉴意义。重点阐述我国公共危机的管理模式及存在的问题。 第三部分:完善我国政府公共危机管理体系。阐述我国政府公共危机管理的必要性,探索了其解决的对策,从体系、预警、法制、信息传播等方面进行了探析。 本文的结论是,危机是一个世界性话题,一方面,我们已经取得一定的成绩;另一方面,我们还要经受更为严峻的考验,全球化的力量要求中国政府必须转变政府职能,以建设一个更透明、更有责任感的政府。
[Abstract]:Public crisis, public crisis management and the development and progress of human society have always been accompanied by the development and progress of human society, the two have always been in a spiral interactive state, rising to a kind of social ecological rules. As long as human society does not end, the public crisis-public crisis management-the chain of social development and progress will not end. At present, people are most concerned about the current significance of public crises, and the transition of Chinese society is in this stage. On the way forward, we face a variety of potential or explicit public crises, in a sense, almost as many opportunities as we can seize. From economic globalization, the advance of transnational monopoly capital to the self-rescue of national industries, from hegemonism, "clash of civilizations" to the turmoil of the world and regional political pattern, from mass events caused by the adjustment of interests to criminal crimes. From collective apathy caused by a lack of faith and morality to hedonism, drug abuse, AIDS and suicide rates have soared. Housing, education, health care. Life has too much helplessness, there are too many differences about the design of the future, the world has changed too fast, but life has to go on, while "experts" are still talking about it, the general public does not admit it. The network "resentful youth" is a piece of scolding. On the face of it, it seems that people are more impetuous than ever before. "the world is going down and the people are not old". But in the face of such a huge social change, how can people not have a sense of crisis? Dissatisfaction with reality, squarely facing up to and rational criticism of frequent public crises is one of the most revolutionary forces of this era. The management of a crisis by the government can be said to be a comprehensive investigation and comprehensive appraisal of the management ability and effectiveness of the government, which is an important aspect to measure and reflect the ruling power of the government. On the contrary, crisis management promotes the government to carry out active and dynamic reform and system innovation, and constantly improve and consolidate the good image of the government among the public. The performance and results of government crisis management have also become the basic source and existence basis of its political legitimacy and public image. How to improve the government crisis management system has a long way to go. This paper is divided into the following three parts: the first part: an overview of public crisis management. This paper defines the related concepts of government crisis management, sums up the characteristics and classification of public crisis, and focuses on the functions and strategies of government crisis management. The second part: the present situation and existing problems of public crisis management in China. Taking the public crisis management mode of the United States and Japan as an example, this paper explores the reference significance of the foreign public crisis management model to our country. This paper focuses on the management mode and existing problems of public crisis in China. The third part: improve the public crisis management system of our government. This paper expounds the necessity of government public crisis management in our country, probes into the countermeasures to solve it, and probes into the system, early warning, legal system, information dissemination and so on. The conclusion of this paper is that the crisis is a worldwide topic, on the one hand, we have made some achievements; On the other hand, we have to stand a more severe test. The power of globalization requires the Chinese government to change its functions in order to build a more transparent and responsible government.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D630
[Abstract]:Public crisis, public crisis management and the development and progress of human society have always been accompanied by the development and progress of human society, the two have always been in a spiral interactive state, rising to a kind of social ecological rules. As long as human society does not end, the public crisis-public crisis management-the chain of social development and progress will not end. At present, people are most concerned about the current significance of public crises, and the transition of Chinese society is in this stage. On the way forward, we face a variety of potential or explicit public crises, in a sense, almost as many opportunities as we can seize. From economic globalization, the advance of transnational monopoly capital to the self-rescue of national industries, from hegemonism, "clash of civilizations" to the turmoil of the world and regional political pattern, from mass events caused by the adjustment of interests to criminal crimes. From collective apathy caused by a lack of faith and morality to hedonism, drug abuse, AIDS and suicide rates have soared. Housing, education, health care. Life has too much helplessness, there are too many differences about the design of the future, the world has changed too fast, but life has to go on, while "experts" are still talking about it, the general public does not admit it. The network "resentful youth" is a piece of scolding. On the face of it, it seems that people are more impetuous than ever before. "the world is going down and the people are not old". But in the face of such a huge social change, how can people not have a sense of crisis? Dissatisfaction with reality, squarely facing up to and rational criticism of frequent public crises is one of the most revolutionary forces of this era. The management of a crisis by the government can be said to be a comprehensive investigation and comprehensive appraisal of the management ability and effectiveness of the government, which is an important aspect to measure and reflect the ruling power of the government. On the contrary, crisis management promotes the government to carry out active and dynamic reform and system innovation, and constantly improve and consolidate the good image of the government among the public. The performance and results of government crisis management have also become the basic source and existence basis of its political legitimacy and public image. How to improve the government crisis management system has a long way to go. This paper is divided into the following three parts: the first part: an overview of public crisis management. This paper defines the related concepts of government crisis management, sums up the characteristics and classification of public crisis, and focuses on the functions and strategies of government crisis management. The second part: the present situation and existing problems of public crisis management in China. Taking the public crisis management mode of the United States and Japan as an example, this paper explores the reference significance of the foreign public crisis management model to our country. This paper focuses on the management mode and existing problems of public crisis in China. The third part: improve the public crisis management system of our government. This paper expounds the necessity of government public crisis management in our country, probes into the countermeasures to solve it, and probes into the system, early warning, legal system, information dissemination and so on. The conclusion of this paper is that the crisis is a worldwide topic, on the one hand, we have made some achievements; On the other hand, we have to stand a more severe test. The power of globalization requires the Chinese government to change its functions in order to build a more transparent and responsible government.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D630
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 张晓鹏;朱晓宇;刘则渊;;国际公共危机管理研究的文献计量学分析[J];科学学与科学技术管理;2011年03期
2 邓旭峰;;公共危机多主体参与治理的结构与制度保障研究[J];社会主义研究;2011年03期
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 张恩韶;网络舆论危机下的当代中国政府形象塑造[D];华东师范大学;2011年
2 任X;危机管理视角下的当代中国政府形象构建[D];山东大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前8条
1 姜楠;我国公共危机预警机制研究[D];沈阳师范大学;2011年
2 张s，
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