临沂市兰山区杨树丰产林成本效益分析的案例研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 06:02

本文选题：杨树丰产林 + 成本效益　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：杨树丰产林是我国北方重要的防护林树种,不仅能够为区域生态系统提供防护作用,而且还是木材、板材产业的主要原材料之一。临沂市兰山区拥有成熟的板材加工产业和丰富的杨树丰产林资源,但是在近几年的新增造林数据中显示,杨树丰产林的新增种植面积日益减少,经济林树种的种植面积增多。在土地流转租金日益高涨,营造杨树丰产林直接收益少的形势下,杨树丰产林的造林积极性受到极大的影响。本文应用成本效益分析法对兰山区100亩的杨树丰产林的成本收益、生态效益和社会效益进行全面分析,并与相同立地条件下的经济林树种进行对比分析,得出杨树丰产林项目的NPV=-106124.2元,平均每年亏本10612.4元,呈现负经济效益。然而,杨树丰产林的种植是一项造福社会的生态项目,存在巨大的生态效益与社会效益,本文运用替代成本法对碳汇、制氧、净化空气、涵养水源、保育土壤、防风固沙、降温增湿等效益以及社会效益中的带动剩余劳动力、防灾减灾、精准扶贫、美化环境、社会进步等效益进行评估,得出项目生态效益936276元,社会效益66030元。在环境保护问题日益严峻的形势下,杨树丰产林造林项目虽然在经济上是亏本的,但是能够创造出区域环境的正外部性效益,是可持续发展所急需的,应该采取相应措施促进杨树丰产林的发展。改变目前杨树丰产林种植萎缩的局面,要从政策方面大力支持杨树丰产林种植;主要包括提高杨树丰产林的种植补贴标准;有针对性的发放林业贴息、低息贷款;促进林地复合经营;板材企业与林农签订合作协议联合共同发展等。
[Abstract]:Poplar high yield forest is one of the most important shelterbelts in the north of China, which can not only provide protection for regional ecosystem, but also is one of the main raw materials for wood and plate industry. There are mature plank processing industry and abundant poplar high yield forest resources in Lanshan District of Linyi City. However, in recent years, the new planting area of poplar high yield forest is decreasing, and the planting area of economic forest species is increasing. Under the situation that the rent of land circulation is higher and the direct income of high yielding poplar forest is less, the enthusiasm of afforestation of poplar high yield forest is greatly affected. In this paper, the cost benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit of 100 mu high yield poplar forest in Lanshan District were analyzed by cost benefit analysis, and compared with the economic forest species under the same site condition. The NPV=-106124.2 yuan of poplar high yield forest project was obtained, with an average loss of 10612.4 yuan per year, showing negative economic benefits. However, the planting of poplar high yield forest is an ecological project that benefits the society, and there are enormous ecological benefits and social benefits. In this paper, the alternative cost method is applied to carbon sink, oxygen production, air purification, water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation. The benefits of cooling and humidifying and driving surplus labor in social benefit, disaster prevention and mitigation, accurate poverty alleviation, beautification of environment and social progress are evaluated, and the ecological benefit of the project is 936276 yuan and the social benefit is 66030 yuan. Under the increasingly severe environmental protection situation, although the afforestation project of poplar high-yield forest is losing money in economy, it can create positive externality benefit of regional environment, which is urgently needed for sustainable development. Corresponding measures should be taken to promote the development of poplar forest. In order to change the current situation of poplar high yield forest planting and shrinking, we should support poplar high yield forest planting from the policy aspect, mainly include raising the planting subsidy standard of poplar high yield forest, offering forestry discount interest and low interest loan; To promote the complex management of woodland; plank enterprises and forest farmers signed cooperation agreement joint development and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.27;F302.6

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