基于耕地功能分化的“两块田”农地整治模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 06:55

本文选题：耕地整治 + 耕地功能分化　；参考：《东华理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城镇化与工业化的飞速发展,我国人地矛盾日益突出。目前,耕地细碎化是现代农业发展的最大绊脚石,传统的小农经营模式以无法满足现代农业化的需求。因此开展耕地集中整治,将细碎化的耕地“大块化”,对发展新型农业有巨大的推动作用,是保障粮食安全,推动城镇化建设的当务之需。本文以“探索有效农地整治模式”为目标,借鉴国内外先进的农地规模经营的方法与模式,结合我国农村家庭代际分工和耕地功能分化的现状,提出“户均两块田”假设,并对“户均两块田”假设的预期效果进行了实证研究。研究主要得出以下结果和结论:(1)随着国民经济的发展,农业所占比重越来越低,因此越来越多农村青壮年劳动力转移至城镇,农村老龄化、空心化现象严重。(2)耕地细碎化对农业劳动力投入有着显著的正面影响,耕地数量每增加一个单位,农户单位面积投入的劳动投入量增加0.482个单位,地块平均面积每增加一个单位,相应的农户单位面积投入的劳动投入量减少8.245个单位。耕地细碎化对农业生产效率有显著的负面影响,耕地数量每增加一个单位,相应的农业生产效率降低0.0035个单位,地块平均面积每增加一个单位,相应的农业生产效率增加0.259个单位。(3)随着社会经济的发展和农民生活水平的提高,对农户而言,耕地的主要功能不再是保障基本生活和增加经济收入,更多的是养老就业保障功能。因此许多农户选择将部分土地流转出去,只耕种可以满足全家口粮需求的土地。此种方式可以将部分劳动力从务农中解放出来,进城务工或者周边打零工以获得最大的经济效益。(4)实行“户均两块田”模式后,农户每亩地劳动力投入量将减少31.12%,每亩地农业资本投入减少8.45%,农业总收入将增加20.63%,农业生产效率将提高53.65%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the contradiction between man and land is becoming more and more prominent. At present, the fine fragmentation of cultivated land is the biggest stumbling block in the development of modern agriculture, and the traditional small-scale farming management mode can not meet the needs of modern agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out centralized management of cultivated land and "bulk" the fine cultivated land to promote the development of new agriculture, to ensure food security and to promote the construction of urbanization. This paper aims at "exploring effective farmland regulation mode", draws lessons from the advanced methods and models of farmland scale management at home and abroad, combines with the present situation of intergenerational division of labor and functional differentiation of cultivated land in rural areas, and puts forward the hypothesis of "two plots of farmland per household". And the expected effect of the assumption of "two fields per household" is studied empirically. The main results and conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) with the development of the national economy, the proportion of agriculture is getting lower and lower. As a result, more and more rural young and middle-aged workers are transferred to cities and towns, and rural areas are aging. The phenomenon of hollowness is serious. (2) the fineness of cultivated land has a significant positive effect on the input of agricultural labor force. For each unit increase in the amount of cultivated land, the amount of labor input per unit area of farmers increases by 0.488 units. For each unit increase in the average plot area, the labor input per unit area of the corresponding peasant households decreased by 8.245 units. The fineness of cultivated land has a significant negative effect on the agricultural production efficiency. With the increase of one unit of cultivated land quantity, the corresponding agricultural production efficiency will be reduced by 0.0035 units, and the average plot area will be increased by one unit. With the development of social economy and the improvement of farmers' living standard, the main function of cultivated land is no longer to guarantee basic living and increase economic income. More is old-age employment security function. As a result, many farmers choose to transfer part of their land and farm only land that meets the family's food needs. In this way, some of the labor force can be liberated from farming, and after entering the city to work or working part-time in the surrounding areas to obtain the maximum economic benefits.) after the implementation of the "two plots of land per household" model, The input of labor force per mu will decrease 31.12%, the input of agricultural capital per mu will decrease 8.45%, the total income of agriculture will increase 20.63%, and the efficiency of agricultural production will increase 53.65%.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.211

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