甘蓝型油菜“丙409”光周期敏感性QTLs定位及转录组分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 07:49

本文选题：甘蓝型油菜 + 广适性　；参考：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：光周期对植物的生长发育有着重要的影响,油菜是长日照植物,寻找具有广适应性的油菜品种,有利于甘蓝型油菜的种质资源的创新,提高甘蓝型油菜对不同播种季节和地理纬度的适应性,对油菜的遗传改良和品种选育有着重要的意义。本研究以对光周期敏感的丙409和对光周期不敏感的中双8号为亲本构建的包含有150个株系的DH群体为材料,利用DH群体的遗传连锁图谱,采用复合区间作图法,通过3年多点的不同光周期试验,对开花时间进行QTL定位和效应分析。同时在气候箱里对亲本进行不同的光周期处理(16h/8h,12h/12h),长到一个月时从光照开始的时间开始取样,每隔4个小时取一次样,取样时间为0h(光照开始时),4h,8h,12h,16h,20h,24h。取叶片提RNA,两个重复,进行RNA-seq,找到控制花期的差异基因。主要研究结果如下:1.DH群体在6个环境下的开花期QTL信息DH群体在4个地点(武汉,和政,乌鲁木齐,韶关)共6个环境(3年*1点+1年*3点)下调查开花期,共检测到11个与初花期有关的QTL,其中在6个环境中都检测到了C8染色体上的同一个QTL,平均解释了表型变异的11.31%;在E1,E2,E3,E6环境下都检测到在A3染色体上的同一个QTL,平均解释了表型变异的7.89%;在E1,E3,E5,E6环境下都检测到了在A2染色体同一个QTL,解释了表型变异的10.32%。只在一个地点检测到QTL有7个。2.光周期敏感性的分析对不同地点的开花期做了光周期敏感性分析,共检测到11个和光周期敏感性相关的位点。其中在E1-E6,E2-E6,E3-E6,E3-E4,E4-E6,E5-E6都检测到了在A2染色体上的同一个QTL位点,平均解释了表型变异的12.59%;在E1-E6,E2-E5,E2-E6,E3-E6,E4-E5,E4-E6都检测到了在C8染色体上的同一个QTL位点,平均解释表型变异的17%;在E1-E6,E2-E4,E2-E6环境下都检测到了A3染色体上的QTL位点,平均解释了表型变异的5.12%。只在两个环境比对下检测到的QTL有5个。3.甘蓝型油菜在不同光周期下的转录组分析在相同光周期下的相同时间点对丙409和中双8号的相对表达进行分析,发现16h光周期条件下24h时的差异表达基因最多,为19965个;在12个小时光照下T12差异表达基因最多,为18859个。比较了丙409和中双8号分别在16h与12h光周期相比在相同时间点DEG的表达情况,发现丙409在24h的时候差异表达基因最多,为20396个;中双8号在16h时差异表达基因最多为20237个。在光周期的临界点基因上调下调表达比较多。4.候选基因的分析QTL结果结合转录组数据找到A2,A3,C8染色体上在区段内的差异表达基因,有676个。没有发现和开花相关的基因,这些基因在KEGG分析中,淀粉和蔗糖代谢,嘌呤的代谢所包含的基因较多。
[Abstract]:Photoperiod has an important effect on the growth and development of plants. Rape is a long sunshine plant. It is beneficial to the innovation of germplasm resources of Brassica napus to search for a variety of rapeseed with wide adaptability. It is of great significance to improve the adaptability of Brassica napus to different sowing seasons and geographical latitudes, and to improve the genetics and breeding of Brassica napus. In this study, a DH population containing 150 lines was constructed from Pro409, which was sensitive to photoperiod, and Zhongshuang 8, which was insensitive to photoperiod. The genetic linkage map of DH population was used to make use of compound interval mapping method. QTL location and effect analysis of flowering time were carried out through different photoperiod experiments of more than 3 years. At the same time, the parents were treated with different photoperiod at 16 h / 8 h / 12 h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h / 12h, respectively in the climate box. The RNAs were extracted from the leaves and two repeats were carried out to find the differentially expressed genes controlling the flowering period. The main results were as follows: 1. The QTL information of DH population in 6 environments was investigated in 4 locations (Wuhan, Hezheng, Urumqi, Shaoguan) in 6 environments (3 points at 1: 1 in 3 years), and the flowering period of DH population was investigated in 4 locations (Wuhan, Hezheng, Urumqi, Shaoguan). A total of 11 QTLs related to early flowering were detected, of which the same QTLs on the C8 chromosome were detected in 6 environments, which accounted for the average phenotypic variation of 11.31 cells, and the same QTLs on the A3 chromosome were detected in the E1E2E3E6 environment. 7.89% of phenotypic variation was explained, and the same QTL on A2 chromosome was detected in E1E3 and E5 / E6 environment, which explained 10.32% of phenotypic variation. There are only 7. 2. 2 QTL detected in one site. The photoperiod sensitivity analysis was carried out for the flowering period of different locations, and a total of 11 sites related to photoperiod sensitivity were detected. Among them, the same QTL locus on the A2 chromosome was detected in E1-E6E2-E6-E6-E6-E3-E4E4-E6-E5-E6, and the same QTL locus on the C8 chromosome was detected in the E1-E6E2-E2-E5 E2-E2-E6-E6E3-E6E4-E5E4-E6 locus on the chromosomes A2, and in the E1-E6E6E2-E5-E5, E1-E6E6E2-E2-E2-E6E3-E6E4-E5E4-E6, respectively. The QTL loci on the A3 chromosome were detected in E1-E6 E2-E4E2-E6 environment, and the average explained phenotypic variation was 5.12%. There were only 5. 3. 3 QTL detected in two environments. Transcriptome analysis of Brassica napus under different photoperiod at the same time point under the same photoperiod, the relative expressions of Pro409 and Zhongshuang 8 were analyzed. The results showed that the most differentially expressed genes were at 16 h photoperiod for 24 h (19965). The number of differentially expressed genes was 18859 under 12 hours of illumination. The expression of DEG at 16 h and 12 h photoperiod was compared between P409 and Zhongshuang 8, respectively. It was found that the highest number of differentially expressed genes was 20396 at 24h, and 20237 at 16h in Zhongshuang8. At the critical point of photoperiod, the up-regulation and down-regulation of genes are more. 4. The results of QTL analysis and transcriptome data showed that there were 676 differentially expressed genes in the region of A2A3C8 chromosome. No genes related to flowering were found. In KEGG analysis, the metabolism of starch, sucrose and purine contained more genes.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S565.4

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