儿童道德教育病理现象研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 15:18

本文选题：道德 + 道德教育　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：道德教育的一切活动都离不开"人",人是一切道德教育活动的出发点,也是最终归宿。每个人都会经历一段儿童时光,儿童时期是一个人道德培养的关键时期,也是最佳时期。儿童道德教育始终应该围绕"我们到底要培养什么样的儿童"这一问题展开。一方面,儿童要富有善心、同情心,不能自私自利,只想着自己的利益。另一方面还要行善良之事。对待长辈谦逊有礼,对待同学和善友好,对待陌生人也要关爱友善。文章利用文献法和个案研究法,选取与儿童道德教育相关联的案例,总结出了儿童道德教育存在的病理现象。并从道德认知、道德情感、道德意志和道德行为几个方面揭示儿童道德教育存在的问题。儿童道德教育病理现象主要体现为儿童对道德的认知偏差、儿童对行为的"好坏"缺乏判断能力、儿童处身于冷漠的人际关系中、儿童难以抵挡不良因素的诱惑以及儿童的道德行为"知行不一"。同时,利用整理的文献资料和文本文件,加上前期问卷调查所搜集的资料,对儿童道德教育存在的问题进行了病理分析。儿童道德教育出现的病理问题,并不是偶然的、自发的,其背后有着更为深层次的原因。它源于教育的功利化倾向、市场经济和大众传媒的影响、道德教育的"公私"德之两难、德育政策未能有效实行以及家庭、学校和社会道德教育的合作职责不清。研究结果表明,儿童道德教育的确"生病了",想要治病不能仅凭"一纸空文",还要在德育实践中不断检验、前进。文章最后部分是对上文的"诊断结果"提出的"治病方案"。解决儿童道德教育最重要的方法就是对儿童进行"善良教育",围绕这一核心,将家庭、学校和社会道德教育连成一个整体。家庭以血缘和情感为纽带,可以满足儿童基本的生存和健康需要,也可以为儿童个性发展提供土壤。但是儿童道德教育的主要管辖范围仍然是学校。学校是一个有目的性、有组织性、有使命感的机构,能够提供好的师资力量、学习环境,道德教育更具系统性和科学性。儿童在家庭和学校中学到的道德,还需要在具体的社会环境中才能道德实践和内化。儿童对道德的内化,是儿童完整习得道德最重要的一步,只有在真实的社会环境中才能够反映儿童所具备的道德水平。
[Abstract]:All the activities of moral education can not be separated from the "man". People are the starting point and final destination of all moral education activities. Everyone will experience a period of childhood. Childhood is the key period of a person's moral cultivation and the best period. The moral education of children should always be around "what kind of children we should cultivate" On the one hand, children should be rich and caring, compassionate, not selfish, only thinking of their own interests. On the other hand, they have to do good things. Treat the elders with courtesy, treat their classmates and kindness, treat strangers and be friendly. The article uses literature and case study to select related moral education to children. It summarizes the pathological phenomena of children's moral education, and reveals the problems of children's moral education from the aspects of moral cognition, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior. The pathological phenomena of children's moral education are mainly manifested by children's cognitive deviation to morality, children's "good or bad" ability to judge their behavior and children's "good or bad". In the indifference interpersonal relationship, children are difficult to resist the temptation of bad factors and the moral behavior of children. At the same time, using the collated documents and text documents and the data collected in the previous questionnaire survey, the problems of children's moral education are analyzed. The pathology of children's moral education is pathological. The problem is not accidental, spontaneous, and there is a deeper reason behind it. It comes from the utilitarian tendency of education, the influence of the market economy and the mass media, the dilemma of "public and private" morality in moral education, the failure of the moral education policy to be effectively implemented, and the unclear cooperation between the family, the school and the social moral education. Tong Daode's education is indeed "sick". It is not only "a paper paper", but also in the practice of moral education. The last part of the article is the "treatment plan" proposed in the "diagnostic results" of the previous article. The most important way to solve the moral education of children is to carry out "good education" to children, and to focus on this core, to study the family, to study the family. School and social moral education are integrated into a whole. Families with blood and emotion can meet the basic survival and health needs of children, and provide soil for the development of children's personality. But the main jurisdiction of children's moral education is still the school. The school is an organization with an eye, organization and mission. Providing good teachers, learning environment and moral education is more systematic and scientific. Moral practice and internalization of children in families and schools need to be moral and internalized in a specific social environment. The internalization of children's morality is the most important step for children to acquire the integrity of morality, only in a real social environment. Reflecting the moral level of a child.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.5;D648

【参考文献】