新中国成立以来榜样教育发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 15:25

本文选题：新中国 + 榜样　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自古以来,榜样就发挥着激励、引领人们前进与社会发展进步的重要作用,并在不同的时期、不同的历史阶段对社会产生巨大的影响力。榜样教育作为思想政治教育的重要方法和途径,主要借助榜样真实、生活和鲜活的特点,通过将道德要求内化成人们的行为准则,激发人们在内心形成的心灵震撼,提高人们的思想道德品质、促进人格完善和自我价值实现。榜样教育具有形象的鲜活性、引导的积极性、典型的时代性等典型特征。榜样引导与教育作用的重要理论依据来自于人的全面发展理论与主体间性教育理论等。因此,榜样教育在引领社会进步、形成道德风尚、培育和塑造符合社会主流意识形态的核心价值取向方面均具有积极作用。新中国成立以来,尤其是在建国初期、全面建设社会主义时期、改革开放初期,各行各业均涌现出了大批的模范人物,引领了时代精神的潮流,成为人们学习、传颂的榜样。党和国家依据所面临的环境、主要任务,在社会中大力开展模范教育,通过先进事迹报告会等各种形式和途径宣传榜样精神,在凝聚社会力量、统一思想的同时,滋养了几代人的精神家园,促进了社会的发展。各个时期的榜样无论是群体榜样还是个体榜样身上所体现出来的思想观念、行为方式、价值取向、精神风貌和精神品质,均成为当时带动潮流、引领风尚、推动社会发展的时代精神,并随着历史的发展与变迁最终融为中华民族的民族精神,成为中华民族赖以生存和发展的精神支柱,构筑中华民族的精神家园。改革开放以来,伴随着市场经济和经济全球化而来的中西方文化的冲突与交融,带来了人们思想意识的多元化、接受渠道的多样化、选择取向的实用化和价值观念的世俗化,导致了对榜样形象接受度不高、传统榜样的评价标准受到质疑、榜样教育缺乏感染力、榜样教育实效性与有效性降低、榜样形象受到贬损等,这成为现阶段亟待探究的一个重要课题。坚持问题导向是马克思主义世界观和方法论的重要体现,为更好地理解创新新时期的榜样教育,本文通过科学合理选树榜样、合理设定榜样教育目标、多渠道创新榜样教育方法等途径,切实提高新时期榜样教育的实效性与有效性。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, role models have played an important role in encouraging people to advance and social development and progress, and in different periods, different historical stages have exerted great influence on society. As an important method and way of ideological and political education, example education mainly depends on the real, living and vivid characteristics of example, and through the internalization of moral requirements into people's code of conduct, it inspires people to shock their hearts and minds. Improve people's ideological and moral quality, promote personality improvement and self-value realization. Example education has some typical features, such as vivid image, guiding enthusiasm, typical times and so on. The important theoretical basis for the role of role model guidance and education comes from the theory of all-round development of human beings and the theory of inter-subjectivity education. Therefore, role model education plays an active role in leading social progress, forming moral style, cultivating and shaping core value orientation in line with the mainstream ideology of society. Since the founding of New China, especially in the early period of building socialism in an all-round way, in the early stage of reform and opening up, a large number of model figures have emerged in various industries, leading the trend of the spirit of the times and becoming an example for people to learn and spread praise. According to the environment and the main tasks faced by the Party and the state, the Party and the state should vigorously carry out model education in society, propagate the spirit of example through various forms and channels, such as advanced deeds reporting meetings, and at the same time unite social strength and unity of thought. Nourish the spiritual homeland of several generations and promote the development of society. The role models of each period, whether they are group role models or individual role models, which are embodied in ideas, behavior patterns, value orientations, spiritual features and spiritual qualities, have all become the driving trend and leading fashion at that time. With the development and changes of history, the spirit of the times that promotes the development of the society will eventually melt into the national spirit of the Chinese nation, and become the spiritual pillar on which the Chinese nation relies for survival and development, and the spiritual homeland of the Chinese nation will be constructed. Since the reform and opening up, along with the market economy and economic globalization, the conflicts and blending of Chinese and Western cultures have brought about the diversification of people's ideology, the diversification of reception channels, the pragmatism of choice orientation and the secularization of values. As a result, the acceptance of the image of the role model is not high, the evaluation standard of the traditional example is questioned, the model education lacks the appeal, the effectiveness and effectiveness of the example education is reduced, the image of the example is degraded, etc. This has become an important topic to be explored at this stage. Sticking to problem orientation is an important embodiment of Marxist world outlook and methodology. In order to better understand the role model education in the new period of innovation, this paper, through scientific and reasonable selection of example, reasonably sets the goal of example education. In order to improve the effectiveness and effectiveness of the role model education in the new period, many ways such as innovating the method of example education, etc.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D648

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