基于底线伦理的公民思想道德建设研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 14:39

【摘要】：公民思想道德建设是提升公民素养,推进社会主义道德文化建设的重要途径。但是,过去的公民思想道德建设倡导一种高蹈的道德标准,道德要求、道德评价的设定高于普通公民的思想道德认识水平,使得公民思想道德建设的成效式微。正是基于此种背景,本文从底线伦理出发探讨公民思想道德建设,试图转变公民对过去道德建设的刻板印象。底线伦理是对公民最低限度的、最基本的道德要求,具有平等普适性、最低限度性等特点,其内容主要涵盖一些基本的道德要求。本文试图在界定底线伦理的基础上对当前公民思想道德建设现状进行梳理,了解公民思想道德建设发展至今的价值定位和发展历程,明确公民思想道德建设发展至今取得的成绩。同时反思公民思想道德建设过程中存在的问题,针对问题从宏观与微观、主观与客观两个视角四个层面分析存在问题的原因。对底线伦理和公民思想道德建设的基本情况进行介绍之后,本文将对二者的结合进行探讨,主要从必要性和可行性方面分析。在必要性方面,主要通过对当前公民思想道德建设的问题分析,指出从底线伦理视角出发探讨公民思想道德建设对于解决当前问题具有重要意义。在可行性方面,主要从对象、内容、目的等方面分析二者的耦合性。此外,指出在二者的结合过程中一定要克服道德虚无化、道德极端化和狭隘化等几种错误倾向。在以上内容分析的基础上,笔者提出了从底线伦理视角推进公民思想道德建设的具体途径,主要从公民、社会和国家三个层面具体推进。在公民层面,要培养公民的敬畏之心,要增强公民的羞耻之心,要坚定公民的立人之心,要培养公民的博爱之心;在社会层面,主要从制定适度的道德标准、完善道德评价体系、营造良好社会生态等三个方面着力;在国家层面,主要在制度层面做好政策引导、在法律层面做好刚性规范、在人文层面做好价值关怀。笔者通过公民、社会、国家三维一体的构建,全方位的力量整合,转变公民过去对公民思想道德建设的偏见,自觉认识新时代下的道德要求并在现实中践行,真正提升公民道德素养、助推社会风气的改善。
[Abstract]:Citizen's ideological and moral construction is an important way to improve citizen's quality and promote socialist moral and cultural construction. However, in the past, the ideological and moral construction of citizens advocated a kind of high moral standards, moral requirements, the setting of moral evaluation is higher than the level of ideological and moral understanding of ordinary citizens, which makes the effectiveness of citizens' ideological and moral construction decline. Based on this background, this paper probes into the construction of citizen's ideology and morality from the bottom line ethics, and tries to change the stereotype of citizen's moral construction in the past. The bottom line ethics is the minimum and the most basic moral requirement for the citizen. It has the characteristics of equality, universality and minimum, and its content mainly covers some basic moral requirements. On the basis of defining the bottom line ethics, this paper attempts to sort out the current situation of citizen's ideological and moral construction, to understand the value orientation and development course of citizen's ideological and moral construction so far. To clarify the development of civic ideological and moral development so far achieved. At the same time, it reflects on the problems existing in the process of citizens' ideological and moral construction, and analyzes the causes of the problems from the macro and micro, subjective and objective perspectives. After introducing the basic situation of the bottom line ethics and citizen ideological and moral construction, this article will discuss the combination of the two, mainly from the necessity and feasibility analysis. In the aspect of necessity, it is pointed out that it is of great significance to discuss the construction of citizen's ideology and morality from the angle of bottom line ethics through the analysis of the current problems of citizen's ideological and moral construction. In the aspect of feasibility, this paper analyzes the coupling of the two from the aspects of object, content, purpose and so on. In addition, it is pointed out that in the process of combining them, we must overcome some wrong tendencies such as moral nihilization, moral extremism and parochialization. On the basis of the above content analysis, the author puts forward the concrete way to promote the citizen's ideological and moral construction from the angle of bottom line ethics, mainly from three levels: citizen, society and country. At the citizen level, we should cultivate the reverence of the citizens, strengthen the shame of the citizens, strengthen the hearts of the citizens, cultivate the fraternity of the citizens, and at the social level, mainly from the formulation of appropriate moral standards, Improve the moral evaluation system, create a good social ecology and other three aspects; in the national level, mainly in the system level to do a good policy guidance, in the legal level to do a good job of rigid norms, in the humanities level to do a good value care. Through the construction of three dimensional integration of citizen, society and country, the author changes the prejudice of citizen's ideological and moral construction in the past, consciously understands the moral requirement in the new era and practices it in reality. Improve the moral quality of citizens and promote the improvement of social ethos.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D648

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