关于日语接尾词“的”的研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 13:21

本文选题：日语　切入点：汉语　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对于以汉语为母语的中国的日语学习者1来说,熟悉汉字可以说是一把双刃剑。举个例子来说,日语中的“勉强”二字是“学习”的意思,而汉语中同样的汉字意思却截然不同。看似熟悉的单词在意思上却有如此大的差异,稍不留心就可能会用错。日语中的“的”和汉语中的“的”也有类似的关系。在日常的学习过程中,笔者注意到中国的日语学习者包括自己在内时常有误用“的”字的情况出现,这勾起了笔者对日语中的“的”字的兴趣,也成为选择这一论文主题的起因。本篇论文主要分为三章展开论述。第一章主要论述了日语中的“的”和汉语中的“的”之间的关系。中日关系源远流长,汉字的交流也具有相当长的历史。这一章详细探讨了两个方面的内容,首先,探讨了中日文中的“的”字在历史上有着怎样的关系。其次,借助语料库考察了两个“的”在意思方面存在着怎样的对应关系。第二章主要阐述了日语中“的”字的变迁。本章从两个方面对日语中的“的”字进行考察。包括日语中的“的”字在使用状况方面发生了怎样的动态的变化,以及在意思方面发生了怎样的变迁。第三章主要论述了中国的日语学习者在日语“的”字方面的误用情况。本章的论述主要是基于收集到的中国日语学习者的误用例子。首先对日语学习者在“的”字方面的误用情况进行分类整理。然后梳理了与日语接尾词“的”字相关的年轻人用语；最后试着在避免出现接尾词“的”字的误用方面做了一些探索。通过论述,可以明确一下几点。首先,日语接尾词“的”并不是单方向从汉语中借用的。它的新用法也曾经反过来输入到中国,但是由于种种原因,在日语中产生的新用法最后没能在汉语中固定下来。其次,一般情况下,日语中的接尾词“的”接在名词后构成形容动词。这在一定程度上为弥补日语中形容词不足作出了贡献；但另一方面由于过度被使用且在表达方面有些暖昧而被一些学者所批判。这对于日语学习者来说也有启示意义。再次,接尾词“的”的使用表面看起来简单,深入挖掘下去难度很大。中国的日语学习者在“的”的使用上存在方面存在着不少问题,出现了多种关于“的”的误用例子。本文通过对这些误用例子的分析,总结出经验教训,以便在今后的使用过程中减少误用的发生。最后,接尾词“的”不是一成不变的,通过对接尾词“的”在变迁方面的考察得知,“的”在使用情况方面和意思方面都发生了很大的变化,而且可以推断它的变化会随着时间的推移和社会的变化而继续。因此日语接尾词“的”今后仍存在一定的研究价值。本文探讨了日语中的“的”和汉语中的“的”字之间的关系,追溯了日语接尾词“的”的变迁,试图在其中找到一些日语学习者在接尾词“的”字方面出现误用的原因,并对避免误用的出现做了探索。
[Abstract]:For native Chinese Chinese Japanese learners 1, familiar with Chinese characters can be said to be a double-edged sword. For example, in Japanese, "barely" two words is "learning", while in Chinese, the same Chinese characters totally different in meaning. The seemingly familiar words have different thinking about such a large, slightly inattentive may be wrong.
In Japanese, "" Chinese "and" also has a similar relationship. In the process of daily learning, the author noticed China Japanese learners including himself often misuse of "de", which brought back the interest in Japanese word, too the cause choose this subject.
This paper is mainly divided into three chapters.
The first chapter mainly discusses the relationship between the Japanese "and" Chinese "." has a long history of Sino Japanese relations, Chinese characters exchange also has quite a long history. This chapter discusses two aspects, firstly, discussed in the Japanese word "" how the relationship in history. Secondly, with the help of corpus study "two" in meaning the relationship between how.
The second chapter mainly expounds the change of "de" in Japanese. This chapter examines the word "de" in Japanese from two aspects, including what dynamic changes have taken place in the use of "de" in Japanese language, and what changes have taken place in the meaning.
The third chapter mainly discusses the misuse Chinese Japanese learners in Japanese "words. This chapter is mainly about the misuse of examples based on the collected China Japanese learners. The first classification of Japanese learning in" misuse "words. Then combing with Japanese tail the word" the "word related to young people's language; finally try to avoid doing some exploration of suffix word misuse.
Through the discussion, a few points can be made clear.
First, the Japanese ending word "Shi" is not borrowed from Chinese in a single direction. Its new usage has been imported into China in the past, but for various reasons, the new usage in Japanese has not been able to be fixed in Chinese.
Secondly, under normal circumstances, the tail word in a noun to form adjectival verbs in Japanese. This connection to compensate for the Japanese contributed words describe the problem in some extent; but on the other hand, due to the overuse and expression of some ambiguous and criticized by some scholars. This also there are implications for Japanese learners.
Again, suffix "use" of the surface looks simple, it is difficult to dig. Chinese Japanese learners in the use of the existing problems, the emergence of a variety of "misuse of examples. Based on the analysis of the misuse cases, summed up the experience and lessons, in order to reduce the occurrence of misuse in the use process.
Finally, the word "tail" is not immutable and frozen, changes in the study by docking the suffix "" that, "" and meaning in terms of usage have changed greatly, and it can infer changes will continue with the change of time and society. Therefore. The word "tail" in Japanese in the future there is still a certain research value.
This paper discusses the relationship between Japanese "and" Chinese "word", traces the Japanese suffix "changes, trying to find some Japanese learners misuse in the suffix" words in them, and to avoid the occurrence of misuse is explored.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H36

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