墨西哥桑托电影和中国李小龙电影的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 19:46

本文选题：李小龙 + 桑托　；参考：《复旦大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：功夫片是武打片的一种类型,电影类型随着时代的变迁和观众的需求变化而不断更新。桑托格斗电影是1952年开始一直到1983年在墨西哥盛行的一种电影类型,1983年以后再也没有这样的电影出现。本文通过对墨西哥桑托(又名“银蒙面人”("Santo, E1Enmascarado de Plata"))格斗电影和中国李小龙(Bruce Lee)功夫电影的比较研究,探讨一种能够融合二者特色的新风格电影类型,使中国的功夫电影得到新发展,也使墨西哥的格斗片重新进入人们的视角,并帮助可能类似这种类型的新电影的拍摄。功夫和格斗是两种不同风格的打斗,它们有一个共同目的是防身。后来格斗逐渐发展成一项比赛项目。格斗与功夫有相似之处,但也有区别,比如在动作方面,格斗不能用拳头、手肘和膝盖攻击对方,需要牙套、拳击套、绷带等防护装备来保护身体,并有成形的格斗规则。相比之下,功夫从一开始就没有往这个方向发展,它更为简单和干脆利落。墨西哥是一个多民族的国家,这包括多肤色、多长相和多民族文化传统。桑托电影中融入这些多元化的元素,不仅深受不同民族的喜欢,也赢得了整个南美洲观众的欢心。这也是桑托电影的成功之处——让不同国度的观众都产生认同感。在电影中,桑托以面具英雄的形象出现,其不是要宣扬民族性,而是要塑造一个国际化的英雄形象。墨西哥桑托格斗电影和中国李小龙的功夫电影分别成了两个国家那一时期电影的代表。桑托电影使得格斗发展成一项人们热爱的体育项目,而李小龙电影则把中国功夫传播到西方世界。墨西哥的打斗动作片不是为了宣传格斗,它并没有激起观众要去学习格斗的欲望,而是为了融合整个剧情的需要,并且通过这一平台来演绎英雄形象。而李小龙不仅只是对拍电影感兴趣,通过电影来展示无与伦比的中国功夫,而且很重视在全世界范围内宣传和发展中国功夫。所以,在桑托的格斗电影中没有李小龙电影中的那种对精良构思的打斗方式的研究。桑托的格斗电影中很明显地区分两种类型的格斗。一类是擂台上的格斗,桑托在他每一部电影里都饰演一位格斗员的角色,这也是他的一份工作,在擂台上和对手较量通常是以比赛的形式,既有裁判又有观众。另一种是擂台外的格斗,即桑托回到生活中与各种歹徒、吸血鬼等的打斗,当然其打斗动作还是延续擂台上用的那套招式但更具杀伤力,演员们沿用擂台模式,在打斗时总是以周围的窗户、桌子、栅栏等(它们类似擂台四周的围绳),攀在上面然后再猛扑向对手。格斗电影曾在墨西哥风靡一时,而如今随着桑托的离世,格斗风格也淡出了观众的视线,取而代之的是足球运动题材的影片。墨西哥桑托的格斗电影之所以能成为一种独立的电影类型,笔者认为其格斗方式并不是最起决定作用的因素。因为桑托的格斗动作并没有像中国功夫那样,包含其哲学性和一招一式的观赏性。格斗动作相对更加粗糙,动作更为单一而不具观赏性。它的成功在于塑造了一位淡泊名利、舍己救人、战无不胜的银幕英雄形象,而非打斗风格上的研究。如今,能够进入中国电影的外国风格的打斗较少。导演在剧情上大多通过对中国功夫与外国拳击、格斗等对立的角色来引发搏斗的冲击,这也是影片最具观赏性的一部分。到目前为止,研究李小龙电影的资料也有不少,但观众对李小龙功夫本身的关注远远超越了对其电影的关注。此外,从来没有学者将李小龙电影跟墨西哥格斗电影进行过比较研究。本论文从这个独特的视角出发,探索两种电影结合的发展前景。通过对墨西哥格斗片的研究,为中国功夫片的创新和提高提供资料,使中国电影创作者对国外打斗片的特点和风格有更深的了解,以弥补自身的不足之处,创作更多优秀的功夫类作品,促进中国电影产业的发展。同时,为墨西哥格斗片重整旗鼓提供一种可借鉴的资源。
[Abstract]:Kung Fu film is a type of martial arts, and the type of film is constantly updated with the changes of the times and changes in the demand of the audience. The Santo fight film is a kind of movie type that has been popular in Mexico from 1952 to 1983, and no such films appear since 1983. This article has passed to Mexico Santo (also known as "silver Mongolia face". "(" Santo, E1Enmascarado de Plata ")) a comparative study of the fighting film and the Chinese Bruce Lee (Bruce Lee) Kungfu film, exploring a new style of film that combines the two features, making Chinese Kungfu films developing new, and making Mexico's wrestling films reentering their perspective and helping to be similar to this type. New movie shooting. Kung Fu and fighting are two different styles of fighting. They have a common purpose to defend themselves. Later, fighting gradually develops into a game. Fighting is similar to kungfu. But there are also differences. For example, in action, combat can't attack each other with fist, elbow and knee, and it needs braces, boxers, bandages, and so on. Protective equipment protects the body and has formed the rules of fighting. Compared with that, Kung Fu has not been developing in this direction from the beginning. It is simpler and crisp.
Mexico is a multi-ethnic country, which includes multi color, long and multi-ethnic cultural traditions. The integration of these pluralistic elements in the Santo film is not only popular among different ethnic groups, but also the joy of the entire South American audience. This is the success of Santo film - making the audience of different countries identity. In the film, Santo appeared in the image of a mask hero, not to propagate ethnicity, but to create an international heroic image. The Mexico Santo fight film and Chinese Bruce Lee's Kungfu films were the representatives of the films of the two countries. Bruce Lee's films spread Chinese Kungfu to the western world.
The fight action film in Mexico is not to propagate the fight, it does not arouse the audience's desire to learn to fight, but to fuse the needs of the whole plot, and to interpret the hero's image through this platform. And Bruce Lee is not only interested in making movies, and shows unparalleled Chinese Kung Fu by electric shadow, and it is very heavy. There are two types of fighting in Santo's combat film. There are two types of combat in San's combat film. The role of a fighter, which is also his job, is usually in the form of a match on the arena and in the form of a match. The other is the fight outside the arena, that is, Sant returns to life with all kinds of gangsters, vampire, and so on, of course, the fight is also a continuation of the style used in the ring but more lethal. Along with the surrounding windows, the tables, the fence, and so on (they are similar to the ring of the ring), they climb over and then rush to their opponents. The fight movies have been all the rage in Mexico, and with the passing of Santo, the style of fighting is out of the audience's sight, instead of the football subject matter. Film.
The reason why the fighting film in Mexico Santo can become an independent type of film is not the most decisive factor, because the fighting action of Santo is not like the Chinese Kungfu, which contains its philosophical and one style ornamentals. The action is relatively rough, and the action is more single. Its success lies in the creation of a heroic image rather than fame and fortune, of self sacrifice and invincibility, rather than the study of fighting style.
Today, there are less fights in the foreign style that can enter Chinese movies. Most of the directors make the fight against the opposition of Chinese Kung Fu and foreign boxing and fighting, which is the most ornamental part of the film. So far, there are a lot of information on Bruce Lee's films, but the audience has done a lot of work on Bruce Lee. In addition, there has never been a comparative study of the Bruce Lee film and the Mexico combat film. This paper explores the development prospects of the combination of the two films from this unique perspective. Through the study of the Mexico combat film, the innovation and improvement of the Chinese Kungfu films are made. Provide information to make Chinese film creators have a deeper understanding of the characteristics and styles of foreign fighting films, to make up for their own shortcomings, to create more excellent kung fu works and to promote the development of the Chinese film industry. At the same time, it provides a useful resource for the reintegration of the Mexico combat film.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905

【参考文献】