中美领导人新年贺词的及物性对比分析

发布时间：2018-01-23 08:42

本文关键词： 及物性新年贺词过程对比分析　出处：《天津理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：韩礼德认为语篇既是一个交际的过程，也是一个交际的产物。最早使用及物性进行语篇分析是在二十世纪七十年代早期，在这之后的几十年里，人们不断地使用及物性分析方法分析各种不同的类型的语篇。最近这几年，对于美国总统就职演说的及物性分析比较多，而对中美领导人新年贺词的及物性研究为之甚少。本文主要是从系统功能语法角度对中美领导人近几年的新年贺词进行了及物性分析。作者收集了近几年中美领导人的新年贺词共8篇，以此作为分析语料，，分别对中美新年贺词进行了归类对比分析，并使用表格呈现分析及对比结果，更加直观地展示了贺词文本的及物性特征。通过中英语篇的对比研究，分析两组语篇中不同过程的使用频率，不同过程的使用及缺失情况等问题，寻找2组语篇及物性过程的异同点，试图探寻其背后所蕴含的中美节日文化的异同，从而得出中美领导人在文化交际中对语言潜势选择的异同。本文通过分析研究揭示出:及物性的过程类型一共有六种，在本文的贺词语篇中主要出现了五种过程类型，其中出现频率最高的当属物质过程，其次为存在过程和关系过程，心理过程和言语过程；行为过程并未出现。通过对比研究发现： 1.两国领导人都使用了很大比例的物质过程，中国领导人尤为明显，比率高达72%。新年贺词具有其特殊意义，为了达到其演说目的，领导人会选择更加客观的表达方法，物质过程和关系过程无疑是其最佳选择之一。 2.存在过程在中国领导人新年贺词中的使用频率位居第二，然而在美国新年贺词中的使用频率为最低。关系过程在美国领导人新年贺词中使用频率与物质过程不相上下，远远高于中国领导人新年贺词中的使用频率。 3.心理过程和言语过程在中美领导人新年贺词中，所占比重比较少。新年贺词虽为祝福类演说，但其面对的不只是本国公民，还有国外的民众。内容除了祝福外，也会涉及到本国的党政方针以及政治立场，所以文中的客观描述相对较多，主观性描述相对较少。使用及物性理论分析中美领导人新年贺词有着重要意义和影响。及物性系统不仅是概念功能的重要组成部分，而且也是篇章分析的重要手段，我们可以作为及物性分析实例，让学习者深刻体会语言是对人们的现实世界和内心世界中各种经历的表达，以提高学习者的功能意识和鉴赏能力。对美国节日类演说的研究可以帮助学习者更好的理解西方的文化特征以及西方人的思维方式，可以更有效地促进东西方的跨文化交流。
[Abstract]:Halliday believes that discourse is both a communicative process and a product of communication. The earliest use and transitivity of discourse analysis was in the early 1970s and decades after that. People are constantly using and transitivity analysis methods to analyze different types of discourse. In recent years, there have been more and more material analyses on the inaugural speeches of the President of the United States. However, there are few researches on the Chinese and American New year's greetings. This paper analyzes the Chinese and American leaders' New year's greetings in recent years from the perspective of systemic functional grammar. The author collected 8 Chinese and American New year's greetings from Chinese and American leaders in recent years and used them as the analysis corpus to classify and analyze the Chinese and American New year's greetings respectively and use tables to present the analysis and comparison results. Through a comparative study of Chinese and English texts, this paper analyzes the frequency of different processes, the use and absence of different processes in the two groups of texts. This paper tries to find out the similarities and differences between the two groups of discourse and transitivity, and tries to find out the similarities and differences between Chinese and American holiday culture behind them, so as to find out the similarities and differences of Chinese and American leaders' choice of language potential in cultural communication. This paper reveals that there are six kinds of transitive process types, five of which are mainly found in the congratulatory discourse, among which the most frequent one is the material process. Secondly, the existence process and the relation process, the psychological process and the speech process; Behavioral processes do not occur. Through comparative studies, it is found that: 1. The leaders of both countries have used a large proportion of material processes, especially in China, with a high rate of 72. New year's greetings have their special significance in order to achieve the purpose of their speeches. Leaders will choose a more objective expression, material process and relationship process is undoubtedly one of its best choices. 2. The existence process is the second most frequently used New year's greetings by Chinese leaders. However, the frequency of the use of New year's greetings in the United States is the lowest. The use of the relationship process in the New year's greetings of American leaders is equal to that of the material process, which is much higher than that of the Chinese leaders' New year's greetings. 3. The psychological process and speech process occupy a relatively small proportion in the Chinese and American leaders' New year's greetings. Although New year's greetings are blessing speeches, they are not only faced with their own citizens. Besides blessing, the content will also involve the party and government policy and political stand of our country, so the objective description is relatively more, the subjective description is relatively less. The use and transitivity theory of Chinese and American leaders' New year's greetings have great significance and influence, and the material system is not only an important part of the conceptual function, but also an important means of text analysis. As an example of material analysis, we can let learners deeply understand that language is the expression of all kinds of experiences in people's real world and inner world. In order to improve learners' functional awareness and appreciation ability, the study of American holiday speech can help learners to better understand the Western cultural characteristics and the way of thinking of Westerners. It can promote the cross-cultural communication between East and West more effectively.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H04

【参考文献】