XYZ构式隐喻的认知语言学研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 07:07

本文关键词： XYZ构式隐喻复杂结构隐喻认知关系体映射　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于隐喻的研究已经呈现出多元化和多视角的态势,国内外语言学界从词汇到语篇等各层面对隐喻已做出许多有洞见的探究,然而却不约而同地忽视了复杂结构隐喻的研究,无一例外地缺少语言结构形式的关注视角。此外,从隐喻的研究史可以发现,以往的这些研究一般很少触及多元结构,多焦聚在隐喻二项分析和二元结构的解释上,将隐喻的结构默认为XY型的两项形式,始终没有跳出XY二元结构隐喻的思维定势。然而,复杂结构隐喻要求至少三个或三个以上语义体参与隐喻映射的过程,共同构成一个复杂的意义链,其中又以XYZ构式隐喻最为典型,如“围棋是智慧的体操”。XYZ构式作为复杂结构隐喻的典型代表,与传统的XY结构隐喻有着诸多方面的不同,在句法认知结构中具有的识别性、错位性以及双重映射性等特征。隐喻会因其句法结构及修饰成分的增加而改变固有的映射关系,复杂结构的隐喻映射往往隐现在句法形式的背后。XYZ构式隐喻的理解不是语义内容在句法结构上的简单相加,必须基于认知域的互动,是一种整体性和关系性的认知结果。虽然XYZ构式隐喻表层句法形式仅由三个成分参加,其背后的深层认知模型却是XYZW的类比型四元隐喻结构,因而在表层映射关系上需要打破句法结构的界限,产生认知与句法交错的语言现象。 XYZ和XYZW结构隐喻的核心是关系体映射,本质是将一个关系结构映射到另一个关系结构上。关系体隐喻依赖认知域中语义体关系结构的建立,其实质是将一个关系结构投射到另一关系结构。关系体映射反映的是动词性的概念隐喻过程,关系体背后是一个概念比的认知结构,在认知中起到背景框架的作用,弥补了认知语境的不足。 XYZ构式隐喻能够充分反映复杂结构隐喻的内在认知模型和过程,因此XYZ构式隐喻的分析可以让我们从形式的角度加深对隐喻本质的多维理解,为揭开复杂结构隐喻的认知机制提供新的研究路径。本文正是建立在对大量XYZ构式隐喻实例的分析基础上,选取XYZ这一特殊构式用以揭示复杂结构隐喻内部的映射过程和认知机制,以期对多元结构隐喻做出初步尝试性探究。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor has taken on a diversified and multi-perspective trend. The linguists at home and abroad have made many insightful researches on metaphor from lexical to textual levels. However, the study of complex structural metaphors has been neglected in the same way. Without exception, there is a lack of attention to the form of language structure. In addition, from the history of metaphor studies, it can be found that the previous studies rarely touched on multiple structures, and polyfocal studies focused on the binomial analysis of metaphors and the interpretation of dualistic structures, so that the structure of metaphors was assumed to be two forms of XY type. However, complex structural metaphors require at least three or more semantic bodies to participate in the process of metaphorical mapping and form a complex chain of meaning. Among them, the XYZ construction metaphor is the most typical one, such as "go is the Gymnastics of Wisdom" .XYZ Construction as the typical representative of the complex structural metaphor, which is different from the traditional XY structural metaphor in many aspects, and has the recognition in the syntactic cognitive structure. Dislocation and double mapping. Metaphor will change the inherent mapping relationship because of the increase of syntactic structure and modifier. The metaphorical mapping of complex structure often implies that the understanding of XYZ construction metaphor is not the simple addition of semantic content in syntactic structure. It must be based on the interaction of cognitive domain, which is a kind of holistic and relational cognitive result. Although the surface syntactic form of XYZ construction metaphor consists of only three components, the deep cognitive model behind it is XYZW's analogical four-element metaphor structure. Therefore, it is necessary to break the boundary of syntactic structure in the relation of surface mapping and produce the linguistic phenomenon of cognitive and syntactic interlacing. The core of structural metaphors of XYZ and XYZW is the mapping of relational volume, which is essentially mapping one relational structure to another. The essence of it is to project one relational structure to another. The relation aspect mapping reflects the process of verbal conceptual metaphor. Behind the relational aspect is a cognitive structure of conceptual ratio, which plays the role of background framework in cognition. It makes up for the deficiency of cognitive context. XYZ construction metaphor can fully reflect the internal cognitive model and process of complex structural metaphor, so the analysis of XYZ construction metaphor can help us to deepen the multidimensional understanding of the nature of metaphor from the perspective of form. This thesis is based on the analysis of a large number of XYZ metaphorical examples. The special construction of XYZ is chosen to reveal the mapping process and cognitive mechanism of complex structural metaphors in order to make a preliminary attempt to explore the multi-structural metaphors.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H043

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