《红楼梦》人物对话的语用分析

发布时间：2018-02-22 05:53

本文关键词： 《红楼梦》人物对话言语行为理论会话合作原则礼貌原则　出处：《东北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：曹雪芹所著的《红楼梦》自十八世纪中期问世以来，不仅被看作是中国古典小说的巅峰之作，同时也在世界文坛史上享有盛誉。其突出特点是小说成功地塑造了数百个生动的人物形象，而且通过这些人物形象的语言也可以更好地把握人物的性格特点。据统计，在《红楼梦》中，人物对话这部分几乎占全书篇幅的一半。人物对话对塑造人物形象有着重要作用，关于分析《红楼梦》中的人物对话前人已有了一些研究成果。本文在前人研究的基础上，，结合语用学的相关理论即塞尔的言语行为理论、格赖斯的会话合作原则和利奇的礼貌原则对《红楼梦》中的人物对话进行分析。本文认为，在人物对话中，说话者可以通过以言行事行为所产生的言外之意来完成其所要表达的意图。从对话分析中可以看出，合作原则及其会话准则可以作为一个有效调节小说中人物之间关系冲突的方法，帮助缓解气氛并增进感情。而且还能使读者充分地认识和理解作者在小说中所塑造的人物形象和人物性格。其中对对话中违反合作原则的现象可以解释为是出于对礼貌原则的考虑，为了维护会话双方的面子，避免尴尬所以故意采用隐晦的表达方式来表达自己的真实想法。而由于交际双方身份、地位等因素的差距会对人物遵守或违反礼貌原则产生影响。本文说明了运用语用学理论来分析文学作品中人物对话的可行性和重要性，这不仅能够帮助读者对文学作品有更深层次的理解，同时能使其对人物有一个客观的评价，从而开启一个新的视角去解读文学作品。希望本文的分析能对人们的日常交际有借鉴作用，使人们在现实交际中可以更加顺利和谐地进行交际。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of 18th century, Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions has not only been regarded as the pinnacle of Chinese classical novels. At the same time, it enjoys a high reputation in the history of world literature. Its outstanding feature is that the novel has successfully created hundreds of vivid characters, and through the language of these figures, it can also better grasp the character characteristics of the characters. According to statistics, In A Dream of Red Mansions, the part of character dialogue accounts for almost half of the length of the book. Character dialogue plays an important role in portraying characters, and some research achievements have been made on the analysis of character dialogue in A Dream of Red Mansions. On the basis of previous studies, this paper analyzes the dialogues in A Dream of Red Mansions by combining the relevant theories of pragmatics, namely, Searle's theory of speech act, Grice's principle of conversational cooperation and Leech's principle of politeness. In this paper, the author thinks that in the dialogue, the speaker can accomplish his intention by using the implicature produced by the act of words and deeds, and it can be seen from the analysis of the dialogue. The principle of cooperation and its conversational criterion can be used as an effective way to regulate the conflict between the characters in the novel. It also helps the reader to fully understand and understand the characters and characters created by the author in the novel. The violation of the principle of cooperation in dialogue can be interpreted as a result of the violation of the principle of cooperation in the dialogue. Consideration of the principle of politeness, In order to protect the face of both sides of the conversation and avoid embarrassment, they deliberately use obscure expressions to express their true ideas. However, due to the differences between the identity and status of both sides of the communication, it will affect the character to abide by or violate the principle of politeness. This paper illustrates the feasibility and importance of using pragmatic theory to analyze the dialogue between characters in literary works, which can not only help readers to have a deeper understanding of literary works, but also enable them to have an objective evaluation of characters. It is hoped that the analysis of this paper can be used as a reference for people's daily communication so that people can communicate more smoothly and harmoniously in real communication.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I207.411;H13

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