晋语果摄字今读鼻音韵的成因

发布时间：2018-03-12 16:52

本文选题：晋语　切入点：果摄字　出处：《方言》2011年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：晋西、陕北黄河沿岸的一些晋语里,果摄字今读鼻音韵(包括鼻化韵和鼻尾韵)。从韵类分合关系来看,有的方言果摄和宕江合流,比如佳县佳芦:多=裆■|驮=糖■|左:涨ts■|歌=钢k■|锅=光ku■|和=黄xu■;有的方言果摄与曾梗(深臻)合流,比如绥德名州:多=灯■|驮=疼腾■|左=争■:蒸正～月(针真)■。本文认为这样的读音经历了两个变化过程:一,宕江、曾梗丢失鼻韵尾[-■],分别合流到果摄[*o]、[*沆]。二,受官话方言宕江、曾梗读鼻音韵的影响,宕江果、曾梗果作为一类一起加上鼻音成分变成了[*a]、[*■]。之后深臻合流到曾梗,于是果=曾梗深臻。第一步属于演变,第二步属于层次。这两个过程在周围的晋语里以文白读形式保存着,而在这些方言里则只有一种形式:开口呼读鼻音韵[*a]、[*■],相当于分文白读方言的文读;合口呼仍读元音韵[*uo]、[*u沆],相当于分文白读方言的白读。
[Abstract]:In some Jin languages along the Yellow River coast in western Shanxi and northern Shaanxi, the Chinese character "Guo Zhi" reads the nasal rhyme (including the nasal rhyme and the nasal end rhyme). From the perspective of the relationship between the types of rhyme, some dialects take the root of the river and confluence with the river. For example, Jiaxian Jia Lu: more = crotch piggyback = sugar left: rising ts song = steel k pot = light ku and yellow xu; some dialects are confluence with Zeng Ji (Shen Zhen). For example, Suide Minzhou: more = light pack = pain and pain left = contention: steamed straight ~ month (needle true). This article thinks that this kind of pronunciation has undergone two changing processes: first, Dangjiang, Zeng Ji lost his nasal rhyme [-], merged to Guo Jin [[* Kang], [* Kang] respectively]. Second, affected by the mandarin dialect, Jiang Dang, Zeng Ji's nasal rhyme, Tang Jiangguo, Zeng Jianguo, as a group, together with the nasal component, became [a], [*]. Later, it merged deep into Zeng Ji. The first step belongs to evolution and the second step belongs to hierarchy. These two processes are preserved in the written form in the Jin language around them. But in these dialects, there is only one form: opening up the nasal rhyme [a], [*], which is equivalent to the reading of the sub-text dialect, and still reading the vowel rhyme [uo uo], [Yu Kang], which is equivalent to the white reading of the sub-vernacular dialect.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院语言研究所;
【分类号】：H17

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