《孙真人千金方》动词研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:30

本文选题：《[k真人千金方》　切入点：动词　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以《孙真人千金方》的动词作为考察对象，把共时的描写和历时的比较相结合，把对《孙真人千金方》动词的系统研究和个案研究相结合，把描写与解释相结合，揭示作为中古汉语向近代汉语转变时期的医学文献《孙真人千金方》动词的语义、语法功能及发展过程，并运用认知理论和配价理论对《孙真人千金方》动词的相关问题作了解释，为汉语史的研究提供参考。本文共分十章四部分。第一部分为第一章：绪论。从版本和语言特默，的角度介绍《孙真人千金方》的语料价价及研究现状，并简要地说明了动词和其他词类的区别，动词的再分类巳及本文的研究思路和方法第二部分是第二章至第八章，分别对能愿动词、趋向动词、存现动词、判断动词、使令动词、心理动词和动作行为动词进行探词一：一首先简要介绍每类动词的研究现状并分类；然後，对《孙真人干金方》中的动词进行详尽的描写，并对典型个案在共时的描写的基础上把它放在汉语史巾进行探讨，以期得出一般性的结论。第三部分是第九章，运用认知理论和呢价理论对“来”“去”表时问、“VO来”、“X去O”、“上”的隐喻义与动核结构的关系、“VO下”、动词重叠的认知基础等进行一f探讨。第四部分是第一·章，指出本文的结论和不足之处。 1.共时使用上的不平衡性与历时发展的不同步性《孙真人千金方》作为由中古汉诘向近代汉语转变时期的作品，常用动词在使用数量上表现为巨增；词例数量上与初唐前的作品相比较，有所增加；词语适宜的句法环境有所扩大。同时，《孙真人千金方》的动词在使用上是不平衡的，例如能愿动词在16个例词中，必要类就占了8个；从历时的角度来看，同类词的句法格式在相邻历史时代的相同率不一样，，同一个词在不同阶段与相邻历史时代的相同率也不一样。 2.趋向动词虚化受到多种因素的制约：既要受到动核结构、“V”及趋向动词自身语义的制约，也要受到语义指向、语义重心、使用频率的制约。虚化的根本原因是人的认知模式的转变。 3.汉语存在句的典型结构为：时地短语十动词十名词性短语，汉语具有由参照物到目标体的强烈倾向。“有”字存在句巳背景＊参照物“时地短语”来确定图形＊目标体“名词性短语”的空问存现位置。《千金方》的“有”字存在句以内在参照框架为主，既有不随视角变化而变化的方所关系，也有随视角变化而变化的方所关系。 4．人们对重叠的识解与人们对类同物复现的识解是同构的，也就是说，人们对一类同物复现的识解通过结构隐喻投射到对重叠的识解，表现为五种识解模式。同时人们对重叠的识解过程要受到原式语义的制约，也要受到格式的制约和句法位置的制约。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the verb of Sun Liren Qianjin Fang is taken as the object of investigation, the synchronic description is combined with the diachronic comparison, the systematic study and the case study of the verb are combined, and the description and explanation are combined. Revealing the semantics, grammatical functions and development process of verbs in the period of the transformation from middle Chinese to modern Chinese. By using cognitive theory and valence theory, this paper explains the related problems of verbs in Sun Liren Qianjin Fang, and provides a reference for the study of Chinese history. This article is divided into ten chapters and four parts. The first part is the first chapter: introduction. From the point of view of version and language, the paper introduces the price of corpus and the present research situation of Sun Lian-ren Qianjin Fang, and briefly explains the differences between verbs and other parts of speech. The subclassification of verbs and the Research ideas and methods of this thesis. The second part is from Chapter two to Chapter 8th, which deals with the verb of wish, the verb of direction, the verb of existence, the verb of judgment, and the verb of making order. A brief introduction to the present situation and classification of each kind of verbs. Secondly, the detailed description of the verbs in "Sun Lian-ren Gan Jin Fang". On the basis of the synchronic description of typical cases, it is discussed in order to draw a general conclusion. The third part is chapter 9th, which uses cognitive theory and price theory to discuss the relationship between metaphorical meaning and moving-nucleus structure of "come", "X go O", "upper", "come" and "go", "VO" and the cognitive basis of verb overlap. Part 4th is the first chapter, pointing out the conclusions and shortcomings of this paper. 1. Imbalance in synchronic use and heterogeneity in diachronic development. Sun Zhenren Qianjin Fang, as a work in the period of transition from the Middle Ancient Han Dynasty to the Modern Chinese, the number of commonly used verbs has increased greatly, and the number of ci examples has increased compared with the works before the early Tang Dynasty. At the same time, the use of verbs in Sun Lian-ren Qianjin Fang was unbalanced. For example, in 16 examples, the necessary categories of verbs accounted for 8; from a diachronic point of view, The syntactic form of the same word is different from that of the adjacent historical period, and the same rate of the same word is different from that of the adjacent historical era in different stages. 2.The deficiency of directional verbs is restricted by many factors: they are not only restricted by the structure of moving-kernel, "V" and the semantic of directional verbs, but also by the semantic direction and the semantic center of gravity. The basic reason of deficiency is the change of human cognitive mode. 3. The typical structure of the Chinese existential sentence is as follows: time and place phrase, ten verbs and ten noun phrases, Chinese has a strong tendency from reference to target. The word "you" exists in the background of the sentence "time and place phrase" to determine the spatial location of the "nominal phrase" of the figure * object. The word "you" of < Qianjin Fang >. Existing sentences are mainly within the frame of reference, There is not only the square relation that does not change with the angle of view, but also the square relation that changes with the angle of view. 4. People's interpretation of overlap is isomorphic to the interpretation of similar objects, that is to say, the interpretation of a class of identical objects is projected into the interpretation of overlapping through structural metaphors. At the same time, the process of overlapping interpretation is restricted by the primitive semantics, the format and the syntactic position.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H141

【引证文献】