论隐喻的幽默潜质

发布时间：2018-04-28 04:21

本文选题：隐喻 + 幽默潜质　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐喻和幽默的研究都有两千多年的历史。但在过去，两者通常各行其道，而隐喻的幽默潜质往往被人所忽视。本研究回顾了隐喻理论和幽默理论，认为两者的研究可以整合，因为存在一些重要的相通之处。本研究指出隐喻的幽默性来自隐喻的三个重要语义特征，即本体和喻体的语义冲突和重叠，隐喻的创造性和隐喻的模糊性。通过分析真实语料，本文发现幽默隐喻主要有12种表现形式：基于语法的隐喻、意象隐喻、基于类比的隐喻、博喻、多重诠释、喻体的非典型特征或不合逻辑的喻体、基于多义的隐喻、隐喻夸张、延迟喻底、延迟本体、喻底再否定和混合隐喻。本研究进一步证明了言者会有意或者无意地创造幽默隐喻，比如多重诠释和混合隐喻。此外，并非总是言者来构建幽默的喻底。实际上，听者同样在幽默隐喻的意义建构中发挥重要作用。本体和喻体之间的语义距离越大、喻体的特征越多、形式越乖讹越荒诞、数量越多、喻体结合使用夸张或者本体与喻体的两面性并置，幽默效果也会越强烈。除此之外，本文对比分析了明喻和隐喻的幽默潜质，发现隐喻的幽默效果更加强烈。而“like”形式的明喻往往也比“as as”形式的明喻更加具有幽默效果。而死隐喻会在特定的条件下重新激活，获得其字面意义，从而显得幽默。同样，我们发现对于不同语法形式的隐喻，名词性隐喻最具有幽默效果。最后，，本文还为如何创作幽默隐喻提供了一些切实可行的建议。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor and humor has a history of more than two thousand years. In the past, however, the two tended to go their own ways, and metaphorical humor was often overlooked. The present study reviews the metaphorical theory and the humor theory and argues that the two studies can be integrated because there are some important similarities. The present study points out that the humor of metaphor comes from the three important semantic features of metaphor, namely, the semantic conflict and overlap between ontology and metaphor, the creativity of metaphor and the fuzziness of metaphor. By analyzing the real corpus, this paper finds that there are 12 main forms of humor metaphor: grammatic-based metaphor, image metaphor, analogy based metaphor, metonymy, multi-interpretation, atypical or illogical metaphor of the metaphor. Based on polysemous metaphor, metaphor exaggeration, delay metaphor background, delay ontology, metaphorical negation and mixed metaphor. The present study further proves that the speaker creates humorous metaphors intentionally or unintentionally, such as multiple interpretations and mixed metaphors. In addition, it is not always the speaker to construct the background of humor. In fact, listeners also play an important role in the construction of humorous metaphors. The greater the semantic distance between the ontology and the vehicle, the more the characteristics of the vehicle, the more the form is wrong and absurd, the more the number is, the more the humorous effect will be when the metaphor is combined with exaggeration or the two sides of the ontology and the vehicle are juxtaposed. In addition, this paper analyzes the humor potential of metaphor and metonymy, and finds that the humorous effect of metaphor is stronger. The "like" form of metaphor is also more humorous than the "as as" form of metaphor. The death metaphor can be reactivated under certain conditions to acquire its literal meaning and thus appear humorous. Similarly, we find that nominal metaphor is the most humorous in different grammatical forms. Finally, this paper provides some practical suggestions on how to create humorous metaphors.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H05

【参考文献】