汉越死亡委婉语比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 23:31

本文选题：汉越 + 死亡委婉语　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言是文化的载体，在一定程度上文化对语言的发展起着制约的作用。禁忌语、委婉语这一特殊语言现象对交际文化影响深远，，而且深受信仰、民族文化、交际文化的影响。人们在交际的过程中往往会谈及家庭、工作、政治、疾病和死亡等话题，但生老病死这个话题常常使人们觉得尴尬，因此，汉语和越南语都有多种方法来表达这一难以避免的尴尬话题。目前死亡委婉语已成为交际不可缺少的一个重要部分，因此对禁忌语、委婉语从文化差异角度入手，进行深入研究，能够有效促进不同文化群体之间的交际和沟通。本论文以在前人基础上对汉语和越南语死亡委婉语进行比较研究，全文主要分为三个部分。第一部分主要概括中国和越南两国语言及其文化特征。本部分也提到委婉语的概念及其所蕴含的文化。另外，本文还指出语境与委婉语之间的关系。第二部分主要讨论汉越死亡委婉语的对比及文化意蕴。主要从“汉越死亡委婉语的结构特点”及“汉越死亡委婉语的语用特点”两个方面进行比较。在结构方面，本文将汉越死亡委婉语分为单音节和多音节两种类型，然后指出汉语和越南语的死亡委婉语的异同及原因。在语用方面，本文采用归纳法从社会等级、宗教信仰等主要的两个方面来对汉越死亡委婉语进行对比分析，找出两者之间的异同。第三个部分主要讨论本文的最后对越南学生使用死亡委婉语的情况进行调查问卷分析。本文调查的对象为越南河内外语大学中国语言文化系三年级和四年级的本科生。本调查问卷选取一个小部分常用和不常用的死亡委婉语作为调查资料，对学生的词语应用能力进行考察，总结了越南学生常出现的偏误并且就偏误原因进行了分析，然后就此对教学提出了一些建议。通过从越南和中国的网站、期刊、语料库等方面搜集了一些有关死亡委婉语的语料，进行整理、统计、分析、对比。本文在研究的过程中发现两者之间的相似大于差异，这是由中国和越南两国的社会制度、价值观、宗教信仰以及风俗习惯许多相同之处。从理论意义上讲，本论文研究成果为对外汉语教学提供了更丰富的素材和参考资料。在实践上，有助于留学生尤其是越南留学生更好地掌握委婉语，并且对中越文化差异有了进一步的理解，为以后跨文化交际扫清了一些障碍。
[Abstract]:Language is the carrier of culture, to a certain extent, culture plays a restrictive role in the development of language. Taboo, euphemism, a special linguistic phenomenon, has a profound impact on communication culture, and is deeply influenced by belief, national culture and communication culture. People tend to talk about family, work, politics, illness and death in the process of communication, but the topic of birth, old age, illness and death often makes people feel embarrassed, so, Both Chinese and Vietnamese have many ways to express this unavoidable awkward topic. At present, death euphemism has become an indispensable part of communication. Therefore, from the perspective of cultural differences, euphemism can effectively promote communication and communication among different cultural groups. This thesis is a comparative study of death euphemisms in Chinese and Vietnamese on the basis of predecessors. The first part mainly summarizes the Chinese and Vietnamese languages and their cultural characteristics. This part also refers to the concept of euphemism and its culture. In addition, the paper also points out the relationship between context and euphemism. The second part mainly discusses the contrast and cultural implication of Chinese and Vietnamese death euphemisms. This paper compares the structural characteristics of death euphemisms between China and Vietnam and the pragmatic characteristics of death euphemisms between China and Vietnam. In terms of structure, this paper classifies Chinese and Vietnamese death euphemisms into two types: monosyllabic and polysyllabic, and then points out the similarities and differences between Chinese and Vietnamese death euphemisms and their causes. In terms of pragmatics, this paper makes a comparative analysis of Chinese and Vietnamese death euphemisms from two main aspects, such as social hierarchy and religious belief, and finds out the similarities and differences between them. The third part mainly discusses the situation of Vietnamese students using death euphemism. The subjects of this study are junior and senior undergraduates of the Department of Chinese language and Culture, Hanoi Foreign language University, Vietnam. This questionnaire selects a small number of commonly used and less commonly used death euphemisms as the survey data, investigates the students' ability to use words, summarizes the errors that often occur among Vietnamese students and analyzes the causes of errors. Then put forward some suggestions to the teaching. This paper collects some data about death euphemism from the websites, periodicals and corpus of Vietnam and China, and makes collation, statistics, analysis and comparison. This paper finds that the similarity is greater than the difference between the two countries, which is due to the social system, values, religious beliefs and customs of the two countries in common. Theoretically speaking, the research results of this thesis provide more abundant materials and reference materials for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In practice, it is helpful for overseas students, especially Vietnamese students, to master euphemism better, and to have a better understanding of the cultural differences between China and Vietnam, thus clearing up some obstacles for cross-cultural communication in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136;H44

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