法汉被动语态的多角度对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 06:04

本文选题：对比研究 + 法语　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：被动是法语和汉语中共有的语言现象。近年来,有关法语和汉语的被动用法的比较受到许多学者的关注。本文分别从句法,语义和文化的角度,对法语被动用法和汉语被动用法进行了分析和比较。法语和汉语属于不同的语言系统。研究发现,法语的结构被动和汉语的标记被动均添加了助词。法语意义被动和汉语非标记被动的出现均是语义和表达简化的需要。法语是表音文字,而汉语是表意文字。法语强调词汇的曲折变化,句子的结构和语篇衔接。而汉语关注词语意思的领会。因此,法语中结构被动占多数,汉语中意义被动占多数。从语义上来看,法语和汉语的被动词汇均有两种特性：及物性和动态性。根据中西方文化,被动词汇赋予的感情色彩也有差异,这表现在汉语被动包含更多的感性色彩,而法语被动则显得更加客观。任何语言的研究都不能脱离日常生活中的语篇会话。在某些正式的语用场合,被动的使用更为普遍,因其使语言表达在描述角度上显得更为客观。东西方国家所处不同的地理环境,中西方人民的思维方式受到气候差异和生活方式的差异的影响。西方人习惯逻辑思维,而中国人喜欢领悟。西方人热爱征服和探索大自然以及未知世界,而中国人依赖自然为生,与大自然和谐共处。不同的语言系统和思维方式,决定了中西方人不同的语言表达方式。上述的一切都导致了法语被动和汉语被动用法的差异产生。希望本文的的研究结果有助于指导法语被动和汉语被动之间的双语教育和学习。作者还希望通过和比较法汉两种被动用法的详细分析,使翻译工作者和对外活动交际者能成功达到交际的意图和目标。
[Abstract]:Passivity is a common linguistic phenomenon in French and Chinese. In recent years, the comparison of passive usage between French and Chinese has attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper analyzes and compares French passive usage and Chinese passive usage from syntactic, semantic and cultural perspectives. French and Chinese belong to different language systems. It is found that both French structural passivity and Chinese tagging passivity add auxiliary words. The emergence of French meaning passive and Chinese non-marked passive is the need of semantic and expressive simplification. French is phonetic and Chinese is ideographic. French emphasizes the twists and turns of vocabulary, the structure of sentences and textual cohesion. But Chinese pays close attention to the understanding of word meaning. Therefore, in French, the passive structure is the majority, and in Chinese, the meaning is passive. From the semantic point of view, French and Chinese passive vocabulary has two characteristics: transitivity and dynamic. According to Chinese and Western cultures, passive words have different emotional colors, which is reflected in the fact that Chinese passivity contains more perceptual colors, while French passivity is more objective. No language study can be separated from discourse in everyday life. In some formal pragmatic situations, passive use is more common because it makes language expression more objective in terms of description. In different geographical environment, the way of thinking of Chinese and western people is influenced by the difference of climate and way of life. Westerners are used to logical thinking, while Chinese like to understand. Westerners love to conquer and explore nature and the unknown world, and the Chinese depend on nature for a living and live in harmony with nature. Different language systems and ways of thinking determine the different ways of expression in Chinese and western languages. All this leads to differences in passive usage between French and Chinese. It is hoped that the findings of this paper will be helpful in guiding bilingual education and learning between French passivity and Chinese passivity. The author also hopes that translators and foreign communicators can successfully achieve the purpose of communication through the detailed analysis of the two passive uses of comparative law and Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H32;H146

【参考文献】